{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:37:49Z","timestamp":1792791469260,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":288,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare, underdiagnosed disease with a wide clinical spectrum. Sterile bone inflammation, predominantly of the anterior chest, and skin manifestations (palmoplantar pustulosis, psoriasis vulgaris and acne) are the key features of SAPHO, which shares certain similarities with SpA. SAPHO is closely related to paediatric chronic non-bacterial osteitis (CNO), a spectrum of autoinflammatory bone diseases. The aetiology of SAPHO is considered multifactorial based on a complex interplay of genetic, immune and infectious factors. Despite the increasing awareness of SAPHO\/CNO, diagnostic delay is common, as validated classification and diagnostic criteria are lacking. Treatment of SAPHO represents a challenge and includes anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, bisphosphonates, synthetic conventional DMARDs and off-label use of anti-cytokine biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors. This review summarizes the current diagnostic and practical treatment approach to SAPHO\/CNO and highlights the ongoing research endeavours concerning the definition and validation of diagnostic criteria, core domains and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkae114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T17:31:03Z","timestamp":1726248663000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Current and future advances in practice: SAPHO syndrome and chronic non-bacterial osteitis (CNO)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5193-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Furer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4007-1589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsumasa","family":"Kishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Biomaterial Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9329-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ori","family":"Elkayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4155-9105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip S","family":"Helliwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds , Leeds,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B1","first-page":"187","article-title":"[Acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome. Results of a national survey. 85 cases]","volume":"54","author":"Chamot","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Synovitis-acne-pustulosis hyperostosis-osteomyelitis syndrome (SAPHO). A new syndrome among the spondyloarthropathies?","volume":"6","author":"Benhamou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780040609","article-title":"Acne conglobata and arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Windom","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roab103","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome and pustulotic arthro-osteitis (PAO)","volume":"32","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.6.547","article-title":"Clinical features of 53 cases with pustulotic arthro-osteitis","volume":"40","author":"Sonozaki","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roae003","article-title":"Modified pustulotic arthro-osteitis diagnostic guidance 2022 \u2013 modified Sonozaki criteria \u2013 secondary publication","volume":"34","author":"Tsuji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-87-2-192","article-title":"Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis: painful swelling of the sternum, clavicles, and upper ribs. Report of two new cases","volume":"87","author":"K\u00f6hler","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.05.006","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000734","article-title":"Comparing children and adults with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"32","author":"Lenert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2021.100095","article-title":"Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)","volume":"4","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transl Autoimmun"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2011.08.014","article-title":"SAPHO: What radiologists should know","volume":"67","author":"Depasquale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A260","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2022-rcpch.421","article-title":"678 Damaging variants in P2X7R associate with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO)","volume":"107","author":"Charras","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br Soc Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2023.2218088","article-title":"Classification and management strategies for paediatric chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis","volume":"19","author":"Singhal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(99)80027-4","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome: a long-term follow-up study of 120 cases","volume":"29","author":"Hayem","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B15","first-page":"125","article-title":"Synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome and psoriatic arthritis exhibit a different immunogenetic profile","volume":"26","author":"Queiro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24540","article-title":"Clinical and radiologic evolution of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: a single center study of a cohort of 71 subjects","volume":"61","author":"Colina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2013.10.010","article-title":"Disease burden, disease manifestations and current treatment regimen of the SAPHO syndrome in Germany: results from a nationwide patient survey","volume":"43","author":"Witt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s12881-020-01037-7","article-title":"Genetic variants in FBLIM1 gene do not contribute to SAPHO syndrome and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in typical patient groups","volume":"21","author":"Assmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew015","article-title":"Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis syndrome: a single centre study of a cohort of 164 patients","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.09.004","article-title":"Spinal and sacroiliac involvement in SAPHO syndrome: a single center study of a cohort of 354 patients","volume":"48","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-023-06782-7","article-title":"The clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with SAPHO syndrome\u2014a real-world cohort study","volume":"43","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14788","article-title":"Characteristics of Japanese patients with pustulotic arthro-osteitis associated with palmoplantar pustulosis: a multicenter study","volume":"59","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/road086","article-title":"Assessment of clinical and radiological characteristics of Japanese patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Mori","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00124743-200202000-00005","article-title":"A study of musculoskeletal manifestations in 12 patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Steinhoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2021.02.009","article-title":"Long-term clinical outcomes in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Yap","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.04.030","article-title":"Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome\u2014a challenging diagnosis not to be missed","volume":"72","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac443","article-title":"Clinical and therapeutic diversity in adult chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) of the sternocostoclavicular region: a meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Leerling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140342","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome: a single-center study of 41 adult patients","volume":"42","author":"Aljuhani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key058","article-title":"The multifaceted presentation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: a series of 486 cases from the Eurofever international registry","volume":"57","author":"Girschick","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B30","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis: a retrospective international study on clinical manifestations and response to treatment","volume":"38","author":"Gamalero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2021.06.005","article-title":"Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis: insights into pathogenesis, assessment, and treatment","volume":"47","author":"Nuruzzaman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02205.x","article-title":"Nonbacterial osteitis in children: data of a German Incidence Surveillance Study","volume":"100","author":"Jansson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.210991","article-title":"Increasing cases of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis in children: a series of 215 cases from a single tertiary referral center","volume":"49","author":"Aden","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e017599","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017599","article-title":"Chronic non-bacterial osteitis from the patient perspective: a health services research through data collected from patient conferences","volume":"7","author":"Silier","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-018-0294-1","article-title":"Disease burden and social impact of pediatric chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis from the patient and family perspective","volume":"16","author":"Oliver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02309-6","article-title":"Anterior chest wall in SAPHO syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging findings","volume":"22","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10490","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10490","article-title":"Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis of the sternocostoclavicular region in adults: a single-center Dutch cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Ramautar","year":"2021","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2017.1372874","article-title":"Clinical features and radiological findings of 67 patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Okuno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key415","article-title":"Three patterns of osteoarticular involvement in SAPHO syndrome: a cluster analysis based on whole body bone scintigraphy of 157 patients","volume":"58","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05187-0","article-title":"The comparison analysis of clinical and radiological features in SAPHO syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-2025-0","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome revisited with an emphasis on spinal manifestations","volume":"44","author":"Leone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161075","article-title":"Whole-spine computed tomography findings in SAPHO syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2016.07.011","article-title":"Imaging for synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Schaub","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-020-00235-2","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of adult patients with SAPHO syndrome: controversies revealed in a multidisciplinary international survey of physicians","volume":"7","author":"Furer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000884","article-title":"Pro and contra: is synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) a spondyloarthritis variant?","volume":"34","author":"Furer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2020.12.005","article-title":"Comparative analysis and differentiation between SAPHO syndrome and spondyloarthropathies using whole-spine MRI","volume":"76","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg396","article-title":"Diagnostic points and possible origin of osteomyelitis in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: a radiographic study of 77 mandibular osteomyelitis cases","volume":"42","author":"Suei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01589-0","article-title":"Mandibular involvement in SAPHO syndrome: a retrospective study","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80501-0","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis and pustulosis palmoplantaris","volume":"93","author":"Bj\u00f6rkst\u00e9n","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-018-0290-5","article-title":"Chronic non bacterial osteitis \u2013 a multicentre study","volume":"16","author":"Bhat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02658-w","article-title":"First-year follow-up of children with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis\u2014an analysis of the German National Pediatric Rheumatologic Database from 2009 to 2018","volume":"23","author":"Reiser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-020-00928-1","article-title":"New insights into adult and paediatric chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis CNO","volume":"22","author":"Hedrich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-020-04827-6","article-title":"Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis\u2014clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features","volume":"51","author":"d\u2019Angelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04400-x","article-title":"Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis in children: a multicenter case series","volume":"40","author":"Concha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B55","first-page":"255","article-title":"Not all benign: disease course, complications, and sequalae of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in children","volume":"34","author":"Yasin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-023-05688-5","article-title":"MRI features of spinal chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis\/chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis in children","volume":"53","author":"Guariento","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200001)43:1<109::AID-ANR14>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Evolution of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis toward spondylarthropathy over the long term","volume":"43","author":"Vittecoq","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03195-4","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of children with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis-assessment of disease activity, risk factors, and outcome","volume":"25","author":"Reiser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39013","article-title":"A large national cohort of French patients with chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis","volume":"67","author":"Wipff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B60","first-page":"1647","article-title":"Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of enthesitis-related arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Di Gennaro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020453","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) and juvenile spondyloarthritis (JSPA): to what extent are they related?","volume":"12","author":"Kon\u00e9-Paut","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1560-x","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome: a clinical and imaging study","volume":"30","author":"Sall\u00e9s","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13453","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13453","article-title":"Successful treatment of Sapho syndrome and hidradenitis suppurativa: a therapeutic challenge","volume":"33","author":"Fania","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13740","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome associated with hidradenitis suppurativa and pyoderma gangrenosum successfully treated with adalimumab and methotrexate: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"57","author":"Vekic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e186","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16492","article-title":"Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome associated with pyoderma gangrenosum: report of two patients","volume":"62","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152277","article-title":"Skin manifestations help identifying different phenotypes of paediatric SAPHO syndrome","volume":"63","author":"Matucci-Cerinic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.191232","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of acne fulminans associated with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis in pediatric patients","volume":"47","author":"Meinzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169659","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1169659","article-title":"Pediatric autoinflammatory bone disorders-a mini review with special focus on pathogenesis and inborn errors of immunity","volume":"11","author":"Hetrick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.07.009","article-title":"A missense mutation in pstpip2 is associated with the murine autoinflammatory disorder chronic multifocal osteomyelitis","volume":"38","author":"Ferguson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-006-0014-x","article-title":"New ENU-induced semidominant mutation, Ali18, causes inflammatory arthritis, dermatitis, and osteoporosis in the mouse","volume":"17","author":"Abe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mamm. Genome"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11872","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1819825116","article-title":"Gain-of-function mutations in a member of the Src family kinases cause autoinflammatory bone disease in mice and humans","volume":"116","author":"Abe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(89)80650-X","article-title":"Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in three related children and the association with Sweet syndrome in two siblings","volume":"115","author":"Majeed","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22431","article-title":"A splice site mutation confirms the role of LPIN2 in Majeed syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Al-Mosawi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807865","article-title":"An autoinflammatory disease with deficiency of the interleukin-1-receptor antagonist","volume":"360","author":"Aksentijevich","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0809568","article-title":"An autoinflammatory disease due to homozygous deletion of the IL1RN locus","volume":"360","author":"Reddy","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201818","article-title":"Efficacy of anti-IL-1 treatment in Majeed syndrome","volume":"72","author":"Herlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu481","article-title":"Increased neutrophil infiltration, IL-1 production and a SAPHO syndrome-like phenotype in PSTPIP2-deficient mice","volume":"54","author":"Liao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21450","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.331249","article-title":"Critical role of filamin-binding LIM protein 1 (FBLP-1)\/migfilin in regulation of bone remodeling","volume":"287","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0169687","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169687","article-title":"Recessive coding and regulatory mutations in FBLIM1 underlie the pathogenesis of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)","volume":"12","author":"Cox","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-020-00447-4","article-title":"High prevalence of rare FBLIM1 gene variants in an Italian cohort of patients with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO)","volume":"18","author":"d\u2019Adamo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-021-00533-1","article-title":"Genetics of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis in the Irish population: no significant association with rare FBLIM1 variants","volume":"19","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090456","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility factors in a cohort of 38 patients with SAPHO syndrome: a study of PSTPIP2, NOD2, and LPIN2 genes","volume":"37","author":"Hurtado-Nedelec","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0405-9","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO): presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment","volume":"15","author":"Hofmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-12-30","article-title":"Deregulation of the IL-1\u03b2 axis in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis","volume":"12","author":"Scianaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318685111","article-title":"Inflammasome-independent IL-1\u03b2 mediates autoinflammatory disease in Pstpip2-deficient mice","volume":"111","author":"Cassel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318688111","article-title":"Critical role for inflammasome-independent IL-1\u03b2 production in osteomyelitis","volume":"111","author":"Lukens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm040097","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.040097","article-title":"Mast cells enhance sterile inflammation in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"12","author":"Young","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2014.906582","article-title":"TH17 cells are increased in the peripheral blood of patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Firinu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B89","first-page":"12","article-title":"Reduction of peripheral natural killer cells in patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23942","article-title":"Neutrophil dysfunction in a family with a SAPHO syndrome-like phenotype","volume":"58","author":"Ferguson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew192","article-title":"Neutrophils from patients with SAPHO syndrome show no signs of aberrant NADPH oxidase-dependent production of intracellular reactive oxygen species","volume":"55","author":"Wekell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-019-1169-3","article-title":"Enhanced migration and adhesion of peripheral blood neutrophils from SAPHO patients revealed by RNA-Seq","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken185","article-title":"Characterization of the immune response in the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Hurtado-Nedelec","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785705","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/785705","article-title":"Serum IL-6 and IL-23 levels and their correlation with angiogenic cytokines and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and SAPHO syndrome","volume":"2015","author":"Przepiera-B\u0119dzak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2018.1469580","article-title":"Serum levels of proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and RANKL\/OPG in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643644","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.643644","article-title":"Genome-wide association identifies risk pathways for SAPHO syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200743","article-title":"Anakinra treatment of SAPHO syndrome: short-term results of an open study","volume":"71","author":"Wendling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8473-16","article-title":"Adult-onset chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis with high intensity of muscles detected by magnetic resonance imaging, successfully controlled with tocilizumab","volume":"56","author":"Sato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2011.01.017","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome\u2014are microbes involved?","volume":"25","author":"Assmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3263-2","article-title":"The role of Cutibacterium acnes in auto-inflammatory bone disorders","volume":"178","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R140","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2812","article-title":"Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for SAPHO syndrome is lost after its discontinuation: an interventional study","volume":"11","author":"Assmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B102","first-page":"457","article-title":"Propionibacterium acnes and SAPHO syndrome: a case report and literature review","volume":"25","author":"Colina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.47.10.809","article-title":"Palmoplantar pustulosis and sternocostoclavicular arthro-osteitis","volume":"47","author":"Edlund","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-003-1849-0","article-title":"Diagnostic management of patients with SAPHO syndrome: use of MR imaging to guide bone biopsy at CT for microbiological and histological work-up","volume":"13","author":"Kirchhoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(99)90301-5","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in children: diagnostic value of histopathology and microbial testing","volume":"30","author":"Girschick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.221","article-title":"Propionibacterium acnes activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in human sebocytes","volume":"134","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2017.04.010","article-title":"SAPHO, autophagy, IL-1, FoxO1, and Propionibacterium (Cutibacterium) acnes","volume":"85","author":"Berthelot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199904)42:4<818::AID-ANR29>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Sustained response to doxycycline therapy in two patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Ballara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s003930070059","article-title":"[Azithromycin: an anti-inflammatory effect in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis? A preliminary report]","volume":"59","author":"Schilling","year":"2000","journal-title":"Z Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-016-0109-1","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) \u2013 advancing the diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"Roderick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel190","article-title":"Classification of non-bacterial osteitis: retrospective study of clinical, immunological and genetic aspects in 89 patients","volume":"46","author":"Jansson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-023-00826-7","article-title":"HLA-B27 is associated with CNO in a European cohort","volume":"21","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00256","article-title":"Serum interleukin-6 and CCL11\/eotaxin may be suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"5","author":"Hofmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090863","article-title":"Prevalence of autoantibodies in SAPHO syndrome: a single-center study of 90 patients","volume":"37","author":"Grosjean","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B115","first-page":"35","article-title":"Serum IgG4 elevation in SAPHO syndrome: does it unmask a disease activity marker?","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-023-02831-1","article-title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic practices in adult chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO)","volume":"18","author":"Leerling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3579(94)80022-7","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Kahn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Baillieres Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B118","first-page":"2017","article-title":"Why the \u201cSAPHO\u201d syndrome?","volume":"22","author":"Kahn","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3751-1","article-title":"Clinical heterogeneity of SAPHO syndrome: challenging diagnose and treatment","volume":"36","author":"Cianci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050476","article-title":"The bullhead sign: scintigraphic pattern of sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis and pustulotic arthroosteitis","volume":"8","author":"Freyschmidt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2423051222","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome: MR appearance of vertebral involvement","volume":"242","author":"Laredo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.190186","article-title":"Development of a scoring tool for chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis magnetic resonance imaging and evaluation of its interrater reliability","volume":"47","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14010061","article-title":"Machine learning algorithm: texture analysis in CNO and application in distinguishing CNO and bone marrow growth-related changes on whole-body MRI","volume":"14","author":"Forestieri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-022-05388-6","article-title":"Whole-body MRI at initial presentation of pediatric chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis and correlation with clinical assessment","volume":"52","author":"Menashe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20211091","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20211091","article-title":"Early diagnosis and response assessment in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: changes in lesion volume and signal intensity assessed by whole-body MRI","volume":"95","author":"Kieninger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa303","article-title":"Whole-body MRI in the diagnosis of paediatric CNO\/CRMO","volume":"59","author":"Andronikou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.141138","article-title":"Aggressive therapy reduces disease activity without skeletal damage progression in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"42","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-019-0340-7","article-title":"Efficacy of pamidronate in children with chronic non-bacterial osteitis using whole body MRI as a marker of disease activity","volume":"17","author":"Bhat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-007-0051-x","article-title":"Diagnosing active inflammation in the SAPHO syndrome using 18FDG-PET\/CT in suspected metastatic vertebral bone tumors","volume":"21","author":"Inoue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0795-0","article-title":"F-18 FDG PET\/CT in 26 patients with SAPHO syndrome: a new vision of clinical and bone scintigraphy correlation","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12725","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012725","article-title":"Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: a case report","volume":"97","author":"Asano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2016.1259971","article-title":"Synovitis of sternoclavicular and peripheral joints can be detected by ultrasound in patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Umeda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2020.100296","article-title":"Bone histomorphometric and immunohistological analysis for hyperostosis in a patient with SAPHO syndrome: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Watanabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Rep"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-11-47","article-title":"Autoinflammatory bone disorders with special focus on chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)","volume":"11","author":"Hedrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2018.04.011","article-title":"CD14+ monocytes contribute to inflammation in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) through increased NLRP3 inflammasome expression","volume":"196","author":"Brandt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.6.554","article-title":"Incidence of arthro-osteitis in patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris","volume":"40","author":"Sonozaki","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B137","first-page":"1635","article-title":"[SAPHO syndrome]","volume":"54","author":"Hayem","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Prat"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7694942","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7694942","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 perspectives on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"2017","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.05.015","article-title":"Establishing core domain sets for chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO): a report from the OMERACT 2020 special interest group","volume":"51","author":"Oliver","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2022-1323","article-title":"Feasibility of conducting comparative effectiveness research and validation of a clinical disease activity score for chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis","volume":"50","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.04.003","article-title":"Biologics in SAPHO syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Daoussis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e545","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000001740","article-title":"Pharmacological management of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome syndrome: a proposal of a treatment algorithm","volume":"28","author":"Slouma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003688","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003688","article-title":"Treatment and monitoring of SAPHO syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759720X20912865","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X20912865","article-title":"Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: review and update","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23462","article-title":"Consensus treatment plans for chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis refractory to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and\/or with active spinal lesions","volume":"70","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"2024101809470674200_rkae114-B146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2023.109344","article-title":"Gathering expert consensus to inform a proposed trial in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO)","volume":"251","author":"Hedrich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology Advances in Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/rkae114\/59863662\/rkae114.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/rkae114\/59863662\/rkae114.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T05:47:59Z","timestamp":1729230479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/rap\/rkae114\/7822209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":146,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rap\/rkae114","relation":{},"ISSN":["2514-1775"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2514-1775","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"rkae114"}}