{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:08:24Z","timestamp":1792786104101,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":96,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Practical Research Project for Rare\/Intractable Diseases of the Japan Agency","award":["20ek0109356h0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20ek0109356h0003"]}]},{"name":"Practical Research Project for Rare\/Intractable Diseases of the Japan Agency","award":["23ek0109529h0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ek0109529h0003"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Clinical Research from Miyazaki University Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection increases the risk of respiratory complications in patients with RA, focusing on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings and clinical features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed 30 HTLV-1-positive patients with RA enrolled in the HTLV-1 RA Miyazaki Registry who had undergone chest HRCT. For each patient, three age- and sex-matched HTLV-1-negative RA patients (n\u2009=\u200990) were recruited as controls. We compared pulmonary abnormalities on HRCT, RA disease activity, medication use and systemic complications between the groups. In the HTLV-1-positive group, we also assessed the relationship between HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) and pulmonary findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although age and disease duration were similar between groups at the time of HRCT, HTLV-1-positive patients had significantly higher disease activity (CDAI: 6.4 vs 3.3, P\u2009=\u20090.01; SDAI: 7.28 vs 3.46, P\u2009=\u20090.01), greater glucocorticoid use (70% vs 36%) and lower biologics use (33% vs 61%). Abnormal pulmonary findings were observed in \u224850% of both groups; however, bronchiolitis was more frequent in HTLV-1-positive patients, while interstitial lung disease patterns were comparable. HTLV-1 PVL did not differ significantly based on the presence or absence of pulmonary lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HTLV-1 infection may link to an increased prevalence of airway lesions, such as bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis, in RA patients. These findings suggest that screening for HTLV-1 should be considered in RA patients, especially those with respiratory symptoms or complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkag046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T11:42:37Z","timestamp":1775216557000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The prevalence of pulmonary airway lesions is high in HTLV-1-positive rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional observational study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Iwao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1116-5818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kunihiko","family":"Umekita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Murai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosho","family":"Iwao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Kudou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yayoi","family":"Hashiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology, Miyazaki Zenjinkai Hospital , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michikazu","family":"Nakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Data Management, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Hidaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology, Miyazaki Zenjinkai Hospital , Miyazaki,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiga","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University 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