{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T21:08:58Z","timestamp":1776287338994,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12074279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12074279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The microenvironment of diabetic wounds is at risk of slow recovery, scarring and infection in medical treatment. Although many hydrogel dressings combine photothermal and gas therapies, few use CO2\u2019s Bohr effect to enhance oxygen release while offering precise, in situ control over gas and drug release. To address this, we designed an injectable multifunctional hydrogel dressing with photothermal, antibacterial, and near-infrared (NIR) - induced CO2 properties. In this work, we developed carboxymethyl chitosan-alginate-black tea carbon conjugated with CO2-precursors (CMCS\/Alginate\/BTC-CO2) dressing. The black tea hydrothermal carbon nanoparticles attached CO2 precursors on the surface, thermally decomposed under near-infrared irradiation to release CO2 gas. Meanwhile, the excellent photothermal conversion efficiency enabled the hydrogel complex to demonstrate antimicrobial function. The high absorption in the UV range prevents the deposition of melanin. The CMCS\/Alginate\/BTC-CO2 hydrogels exhibited good cytocompatibility and synergistically promoted NIH\/3T3 cell migration. In vivo experiments in diabetic model mice verified that treatment of NIR-conjugated CMCS\/Alginate\/BTC-CO2 hydrogels accelerated wound recovery, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. Overall, we designed and verified the combination of stimuli-responsive photothermal CO2 release from NIR, antimicrobial, and injectable multifunctional hydrogels, providing an effective solution for promoting diabetic wound healing both in vivo and in vitro. Such multifunctional dressing is expected to accelerate the process of wound treatment and alleviate the adverse reactions after recovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbaf127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:11:45Z","timestamp":1764853905000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Injectable carbon dioxide controlled releasing and photothermal carboxymethyl chitosan-alginate-black tea carbon hydrogel dressing for diabetic wound healing"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0431-7924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong 999077,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong 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Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) , Guangzhou 511400,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3784-7494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weijia","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong 999077,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Thrust of Advanced Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) , Guangzhou 511400,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020103461374100_rbaf127-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00377-3","article-title":"Chronic wounds","volume":"8","author":"Falanga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis 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