{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:14:19Z","timestamp":1788329659376,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2022YFA1105101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA1105101"]}]},{"name":"Wenzhou High-Level Innovation Team Program","award":["2024R2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024R2001"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Leading Youth Innovation Team Program","award":["2025R01025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025R01025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bacterial infection remains a major barrier to effective wound healing by disrupting immune homeostasis, sustaining chronic inflammation and impairing tissue regeneration. Herein, we present a green, sustainable strategy for fabricating antibacterial, immunomodulatory bioactive granular hydrogels (GHs) for infected wound regeneration. An amino-alcohol ether prepolymer (MP) was first synthesized via epoxy\u2013amine click chemistry and subsequently complexed with the natural polyphenol tannic acid (TA), thereby triggering phase-separation-driven supramolecular self-assembly into GHs without additional crosslinkers. To elucidate the polymer assembly mechanism and identify the bioactive concentration threshold, agarose was introduced as a fourth component to construct A\/MP@TA GHs. The results showed that increasing the agarose content progressively transformed the granular architecture into a sheet-like network, whereas A\/MP@TA3, which represents the lowest agarose ratio that preserves the granular morphology, exhibited potent antibacterial and antioxidant activities and enhanced fibroblast migration. In a bacteria-infected wound, A\/MP@TA3 still markedly accelerated wound closure while promoting collagen deposition and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, sustained TA release reprogrammed the microenvironment by activating the KEAP1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 and suppressing NF-\u03baB signaling, thereby driving macrophage polarization toward a pro-regenerative M2 phenotype. This work establishes a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly platform for fabricating multifunctional hydrogel dressings and provides a biomaterial-based strategy for remodeling the immune microenvironment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbag158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:15:30Z","timestamp":1785237330000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioactive granular hydrogels for infection control and immune microenvironment remodeling in wound regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuyan","family":"Hua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 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325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuefang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 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325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duoduo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7965-2914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng-Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical 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