{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:51:52Z","timestamp":1791262312500,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obesity is a major risk factor for subfertility and poor reproductive outcomes in women; however, the impact of elevated body mass index (BMI) on the ovarian immune microenvironment remains unclear. We investigated BMI-associated molecular and functional changes in follicular fluid (FF) and granulosa cells (GCs) obtained from women undergoing assisted reproductive technology and stratified into low-BMI (&amp;lt; 22.9\u2009kg\/m\u00b2) and high-BMI (\u2265 25\u2009kg\/m\u00b2) groups. RNA sequencing revealed that high-BMI GCs exhibited suppression of immune-related pathways. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) was significantly reduced in high-BMI GCs and inversely correlated with BMI at both mRNA and protein levels in FF. Functionally, FF from women with high BMI showed markedly diminished chemotactic activity toward THP-1 monocytes in a chemotaxis assay, indicating impaired immune cell recruitment capacity of the follicular milieu. In addition, CYP27A1, a key regulator of cholesterol and oxysterol metabolism, was selectively downregulated in high-BMI GCs. Together, these results indicate that elevated BMI is associated with suppression of chemokine signaling and lipid-associated metabolic pathways in human GCs. Our findings provide functional evidence that obesity compromises immune cell recruitment within the ovarian follicular microenvironment, thereby offering a mechanistic link between metabolic status and impaired follicular homeostasis in women with increased BMI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/reprod\/xaag124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T11:45:34Z","timestamp":1790941534000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elevated body mass index is associated with reduced follicular CCL3 levels and diminished monocyte chemotactic activity"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Surim","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Konkuk University Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, , Seoul 05029, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunbin","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Konkuk University Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, , Seoul 05029, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Department of Life Science, , Seongnam 13496, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohyun","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Department of Life Science, , Seongnam 13496, Republic of","place":["Korea"]},{"name":"CHA University School of Medicine Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, , Seongnam 13520, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyejin","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, , Daejeon 34054, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haengseok","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Department of Life Science, , Seongnam 13496, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Hee","family":"Seok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Fertility Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, , Gangnam, Seoul 06125, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Yeon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Fertility Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, , Gangnam, Seoul 06125, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo Ra","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Fertility Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, , Gangnam, Seoul 06125, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University Fertility Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, , Gangnam, Seoul 06125, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Kyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Fertility Clinic , Seoul 06027, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo Sik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Fertility Clinic , Seoul 06027, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunjung Jade","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Konkuk University Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, , Seoul 05029, Republic of","place":["Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"container-title":["Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/reprod\/xaag124\/71610728\/xaag124.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/reprod\/xaag124\/71610728\/xaag124.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:07:29Z","timestamp":1791259649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/reprod\/xaag124\/8866657"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/reprod\/xaag124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-1626","1741-7899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-1626","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-7899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"article-number":"xaag124"}}