{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:36:48Z","timestamp":1789191408451,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the influence of optimal collimation during lumbar spine radiography on radiation dose and image quality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>110 lumbar spine patients were split into two groups\u2014the first imaged with standard collimation and the second with optimal collimation. Body mass index, image field size, exposure conditions and dose area product were measured. Effective and absorbed organ doses were calculated. Image quality was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Optimal collimation reduced the primary field by up to 40%. The effective dose was reduced by 48% for the AP projection, while no differences were found for the LAT projection due to incorrect positioning of the central beam with standard collimation. The absorbed dose to selected radiosensitive organs decreased by 41 and 10% in the AP and LAT projections, respectively. Image quality for the LAT projection improved by 24% and maintained for the AP projection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Optimal collimation in lumbar spine imaging significantly influences patient exposure to radiation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncaa057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T21:52:51Z","timestamp":1586296371000},"page":"420-427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["OPTIMAL COLLIMATION SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES LUMBAR SPINE RADIOGRAPHY"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Anamaria","family":"Pazanin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damijan","family":"Skrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Slovenian Radiation Protection Administration, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5763-4053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica C","family":"O'Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Diagnostic Radiography, UG 12 \u00c1SSERT, Brookfield Health Sciences, University College Cork, College Road, Cork T12 AK54, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark F","family":"McEntee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Diagnostic Radiography, UG 12 \u00c1SSERT, Brookfield Health Sciences, University College Cork, College Road, Cork T12 AK54, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9438-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nejc","family":"Mekis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020072410164865100_ref1","volume-title":"Merrill\u2019s Atlas of Radiographic Positioning & Procedures","author":"Long","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020072410164865100_ref2","volume-title":"Radiation Protection No 180 Medical Radiation Exposure of the European Population Part 1\/2","author":"European Commission","year":"2014"},{"key":"2020072410164865100_ref3","article-title":"Radiation protection No 154 - European guidance on estimating population doses from medical X-ray procedures","volume":"18","author":"European Commission","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. 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ICRP"},{"key":"2020072410164865100_ref9","volume-title":"Diagnosti\u010dne radiolo\u0161ke metode: skeletna diagnostika: u\u010dbenik za \u0161tudente radiolo\u0161ke tehnologije","author":"Medi\u010d","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020072410164865100_ref10","first-page":"100","article-title":"Appendix f: PCXMC\u2014A pc-based Monte Carlo program for calculating patient doses in medical x-ray examinations","volume":"5","author":"Tapiovaara","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Int. Comm. Radiat. Units Meas."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020072410164865100_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6203.125500","article-title":"Reduction of radiation risks in patients undergoing some X-ray examinations by using optimal projections: A Monte Carlo program-based mathematical calculation","volume":"39","author":"Chaparian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. 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Phys."}],"container-title":["Radiation Protection Dosimetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/189\/4\/420\/33528315\/ncaa057.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/189\/4\/420\/33528315\/ncaa057.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T14:17:53Z","timestamp":1595600273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article\/189\/4\/420\/5827419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rpd\/ncaa057","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8420","1742-3406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8420","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-3406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}}}