{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:57:20Z","timestamp":1740139040293,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Lead shields are commonly used in X-ray imaging to protect radiosensitive organs and to minimise patient\u2019s radiation dose. However, they might also complicate or interfere with the examination, and even decrease the diagnostic value if they are positioned incorrectly. In this study, the radiation dose effect of waist half-apron lead shield was examined via Monte Carlo simulations of postero-anterior (PA) chest radiography examinations using a female anthropomorphic phantom. Relevant organs for dose determination were lungs, breasts, liver, kidneys and uterus. The organ dose reductions varied depending on shield position and organ but were negligible for properly positioned shields. The shield that had the largest effective dose reduction (9%) was partly positioned inside the field of view, which should not be done in practice. Dose reduction was practically 0% for properly positioned shields. Therefore, the use of lead shield in the pelvic region during chest PA examinations should be discontinued.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncac216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:13:46Z","timestamp":1667952826000},"page":"29-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EFFECT OF PELVIC LEAD SHIELD ON ORGAN DOSES IN POSTERO-ANTERIOR CHEST RADIOGRAPHY"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"199","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2037-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Kelaranta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Suomen Terveystalo Ltd , Jaakonkatu 3A, FI-00100 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teemu","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teemu","family":"Hypp\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Toroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STUK-Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority , Jokiniemenkuja 1, FI-01370 Vantaa, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Kortesniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Number of radiological examinations in Finland in 2018","author":"Ruonala","key":"2023010723552666900_ref1"},{"issue":"529","key":"2023010723552666900_ref2","first-page":"574","article-title":"Chest radiography in general practice: indications, diagnostic yield and consequences for patient management","volume":"56","author":"Speets","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. 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