{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:55:23Z","timestamp":1791928523089,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shanghai Sailing Program","award":["18ZR1449700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18ZR1449700"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81472911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81472911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18YF1429200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18YF1429200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32071239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32071239"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81803169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the common complications of radiotherapy for chest tumors and nuclear radiation accidents. The excessive reactive oxygen species induced by radiation is the main mediator. So far, the effective prevention and treatment for RILI are still lacking. Astaxanthin is a carotenoid that belongs to red natural lutein family and is commonly found in Marine organisms such as shrimp, oysters and salmon. It has been confirmed that astaxanthin has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, therefore we speculated that astaxanthin may be a potential treatment for RILI. First, with a mice model of RILI, the protected effects of astaxanthin were observed. Furthermore, the experiments in vitro were performed by detecting apoptosis. As a result, astaxanthin protects the RILI, inhibits the process of pulmonary fibrosis, and reduces the elevation of inflammatory factors. The experiments in vitro demonstrated that astaxanthin could reduce radiation-induced apoptosis and especially inhibit activation of apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, astaxanthin could protect RILI of mice, which is mediated by inhibiting activation of apoptosis pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncad208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T03:06:31Z","timestamp":1691377591000},"page":"2096-2103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Astaxanthin protects the radiation-induced lung injury in C57BL\/6 female mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Junshi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiandong","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Incubation Base for Undergraduates\u2019 Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Incubation Base for Undergraduates\u2019 Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuhuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Incubation Base for Undergraduates\u2019 Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Incubation Base for Undergraduates\u2019 Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3560-386X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bailong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Military Medical University Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, , Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai 200433 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2023101913182994800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5750","DOI":"10.3390\/md13095750","article-title":"Astaxanthin as a potential neuroprotective agent for neurological diseases","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"43","key":"2023101913182994800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70175","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12164","article-title":"MMP-1 promoter polymorphism is associated with risk of radiation-induced lung injury in lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023101913182994800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22635-9","article-title":"HSP27 inhibitor attenuates radiation-induced pulmonary inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023101913182994800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/md12010128","article-title":"Astaxanthin: sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and its commercial applications--a review","volume":"12","author":"Ambati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023101913182994800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6703","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-015-1775-6","article-title":"Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters from microalga-Haematococcus pluvialis","volume":"52","author":"Rao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023101913182994800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-013-0443-x","article-title":"Astaxanthin reduces hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and nuclear factor-\u03baB-mediated inflammation in high fructose and high fat diet-fed mice","volume":"19","author":"Bhuvaneswari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023101913182994800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6064","DOI":"10.3390\/md13106064","article-title":"Astaxanthin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of Nf-\u039ab P65 and Wnt\/\u0392-catenin in vitro","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023101913182994800_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2014.3174","article-title":"Astaxanthin and Corni Fructus protect against diabetes-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and advanced glycation end product in livers of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023101913182994800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17022030","article-title":"Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease","volume":"17","author":"Fassett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023101913182994800_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02092.x","article-title":"Radiation damage to the lung: mitigation by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors","volume":"17","author":"Medhora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"136","key":"2023101913182994800_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.024","article-title":"Suplatast tosilate reduces radiation-induced lung injury in mice through suppression of oxidative stress","volume":"20","author":"Izumi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2023101913182994800_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.2174\/13894501113149990198","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and treatment of radiation-induced lun fibrosis","volume":"14","author":"Ding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. 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