{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:28:21Z","timestamp":1778599701449,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011541","name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011541","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We derived the first comprehensive organ dose library for Canadian pediatric and adult patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) scans between 1992 and 2019 to support epidemiological analysis of radiation risk. We calculated organ absorbed doses for Canadian CT patients in two steps. First, we modeled Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) values by patient age, scan body part, and scan year for the scan period between 1992 and 2019 using national survey data conducted in Canada and partially the United Kingdom survey data as surrogates. Second, we converted CTDI values to organ absorbed doses using a library of organ dose conversion coefficients built in an organ dose calculation program, the National Cancer Institute dosimetry system for CT. In result, we created a library of doses delivered to 33 organs and tissues by different patient ages and genders, scan body parts and scan years. In the scan period before 2000, the organs receiving the greatest dose in the head, chest and abdomen\u2013pelvis scans were the active marrow (3.7\u201315.2\u00a0mGy), lungs (54.7\u201362.8\u00a0mGy) and colon (54.9\u201368.5\u00a0mGy), respectively. We observed organ doses reduced by 24% (pediatric head and torso scans, and adult head scans) and 55% (adult torso scans) after 2000. The organ dose library will be used to analyse the risk of radiation exposure from CT scans in the Canadian CT patient cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncad315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T08:01:54Z","timestamp":1704700914000},"page":"379-386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reconstruction of organ doses for patients undergoing computed tomography examinations in Canada 1992\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Choonsik","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, MD, 20850, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Moroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing and Software Solutions for Science , LLC, Bethany Beach, DE, 19930, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Thome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University , Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada"},{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University , Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Gaudreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University , Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pirouz","family":"Emami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University , Hamilton, ON, ON L8S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark P","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, MD, 20850, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60815-0","article-title":"Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"380","author":"Pearce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2360","article-title":"Cancer risk in 680,000 people exposed to computed tomography scans in childhood or adolescence: data linkage study of 11 million Australians","volume":"346","author":"Mathews","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.103","article-title":"Paediatric head CT scan and subsequent risk of malignancy and benign brain tumour: a nation-wide population-based cohort study","volume":"110","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy104","article-title":"Radiation exposure from pediatric CT scans and subsequent cancer risk in the Netherlands","volume":"111","author":"Meulepas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00655-6","article-title":"Brain cancer after radiation exposure from CT examinations of children and young adults: results from the EPI-CT cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Hauptmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15504.1","article-title":"Cataract formation and low-dose radiation exposure from head computed tomography (CT) scans in Ontario, Canada, 1994-2015","volume":"193","author":"Gaudreau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2024032016452147800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-018-0119-2","article-title":"Automatic mapping of CT scan locations on computational human phantoms for organ dose estimation","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Digit. 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