{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T05:22:54Z","timestamp":1741324974167,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiation level of a ZAP-X self-shielding system by comparing it with the requirements of the Chinese radiation protection standards and to provide a practical solution for the operation of ZAP-X in China.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Under the maximum workload of the ZAP-X system, the weekly radiation dose and the instantaneous dose rate (IDR) outside the safety perimeter of the ZAP-X system were compared to the requirements of relevant standards.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The maximum weekly and annual dose equivalents, derived from the IDRs and accumulative doses, were as follows:1.99\u00a0\u03bcSv\/week and 0.10\u00a0mSv\/year, and 3.47\u00a0\u03bcSv\/week and 0.17\u00a0mSv\/year, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The radiation levels around the ZAP-X system meet the requirements of the weekly and annual dose constraints in relevant Chinese standards. The IDRs generated by the ZAP-X system do not meet the requirements of the existing radiation protection standards. A viable solution is to adjust the safety perimeter to comply with existing standards.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncaf007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T06:37:16Z","timestamp":1738737436000},"page":"178-191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the self-shielding characteristics of an innovative radiosurgical system ZAP-X"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Mingsheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Xiangjie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Ya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun","family":"Quanfu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Jinsheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Radiation Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030619230346000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13660","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13660","article-title":"Self-shielding for the ZAP-X\u00ae: revised characterization and evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Georg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"author":"National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements(NCRP)","key":"2025030619230346000_ref2"},{"year":"2002","author":"People\u2019s Republic of China","key":"2025030619230346000_ref3"},{"year":"2020","author":"National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China","key":"2025030619230346000_ref4"},{"key":"2025030619230346000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0000000000001465","article-title":"Evaluation of radiation shielding requirements and self-shielding characteristics for a novel radiosurgery system","volume":"121","author":"Qinjian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"2025030619230346000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2494","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14740","article-title":"Treatment planning system and beam data validation for the ZAP-X: a novel self-shielded stereotactic radiosurgery system","volume":"48","author":"Shiv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"2025030619230346000_ref7","first-page":"1464","article-title":"China radiation anthropomorphic phantom and mathematical models of human body organs","volume":"21","author":"Minqin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin J Med Imaging Technol"},{"volume-title":"The 2007 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection","year":"2007","author":"International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)","key":"2025030619230346000_ref8"}],"container-title":["Radiation Protection 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