{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T22:14:37Z","timestamp":1780092877316,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study compared radiation dose, vascular enhancement, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of 256-multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) at 70 kVp with deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) to 64-MDCT at 80 kVp with ASiR of cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) in infants with congenital heart disease. The contrast medium (CM) was 266\u00a0mg\/kg for the 256-MDCT group and 600\u00a0mg\/kg for the 64-MDCT group. In the 256- and 64-MDCT groups, the median values were 0.45 and 0.75\u00a0mGy for adjusted volume CT dose index (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.05) and 4.98 and 8.00\u00a0mGy-cm for dose length product (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.05). Despite a 49% CM reduction in the 256-MDCT group, vascular enhancement and CNR showed no significant differences (P\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a0.05). The 256-MDCT at 70 kVp with DLR can maintain vascular CT enhancement and CNR while reducing CM by 49% and radiation dose by 41% in infant CCTA, compared with 64-MDCT at 80 kVp with ASiR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncaf152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T13:01:59Z","timestamp":1764248519000},"page":"43-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Image quality with reduced radiation dose and contrast medium of cardiac computed tomography in infants with congenital heart disease using 70 KVP and DEEP-learning reconstruction with 256-detector CT"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"202","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4455-6978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Yoshiura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University , 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Kumamoto, 862-0976 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4164-4369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takanori","family":"Masuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare , 288 Matsushima, Okayama, 701-0193 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukie","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukari","family":"Kikuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuma","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1126-7432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Oku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2941-8449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoyasu","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Tsuchiya General Hospital , 3-30 Nakajima-cho, Hiroshima, 730-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Funama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Kumamoto, 862-0976 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025","article-title":"Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Linde","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102461","article-title":"Under-5, infant, and neonatal mortality trends and causes of death, 1991-2022: findings from death surveillance in Xicheng district of Beijing, China","volume":"36","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac227","article-title":"Congenital heart disease: changes in recorded birth prevalence and cardiac interventions over the past half-century in Sweden","volume":"30","author":"Giang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01735-5","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent neonatal cardiac surgery: ten years of experience in a tertiary surgery center","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135116683929","article-title":"Preoperative use of CT angiography in infants with Coarctation of the aorta","volume":"8","author":"Rose-Felker","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873421","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.873421","article-title":"Practical workflow for cardiovascular assessment and follow-up in Kawasaki disease based on expert opinion","volume":"10","author":"Stijn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2020.0895","article-title":"CT and MRI for repaired complex adult congenital heart diseases","volume":"22","author":"Siripornpitak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2020.1332","article-title":"Pediatric cardiothoracic CT guideline provided by the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging Congenital Heart Disease Study Group: part 2. Contemporary clinical applications","volume":"22","author":"Goo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.5114\/kitp.2021.107470","article-title":"Cardiac computed tomography angiography in the pre-operative assessment of congenital heart disease in Thailand","volume":"18","author":"Chaosuwannakit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0165617","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165617","article-title":"Comparison of 128-slice low-dose prospective ECG-gated CT scanning and trans-thoracic echocardiography for the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease","volume":"11","author":"Bu","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-023-05774-8","article-title":"Use of ionizing radiation in a Norwegian cohort of children with congenital heart disease: imaging frequency and radiation dose for the health effects of cardiac fluoroscopy and modern radiotherapy in pediatrics (HARMONIC) study","volume":"53","author":"Afroz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/20\/4\/301","article-title":"CT scanning: patterns of use and dose","volume":"20","author":"Mettler","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2019.0327","article-title":"Clinical applications of wide-detector CT scanners for cardiothoracic imaging: an update","volume":"20","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3390\/children9071044","article-title":"Artificial intelligence for radiation dose optimization in pediatric radiology: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Ng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-1158","article-title":"Improving the image quality of pediatric chest CT angiography with low radiation dose and contrast volume using deep learning image reconstruction","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2017.01.017","article-title":"Prospective ECG-triggering cardiac CT for infants with complex congenital heart disease using low-dose contrast medium, low tube voltage, and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020202317","article-title":"Improving image quality and reducing radiation dose for pediatric CT by using deep learning reconstruction","volume":"298","author":"Brady","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31169","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000031169","article-title":"Cardiac CTA image quality of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V versus deep learning reconstruction \"TrueFidelity\" in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"101","author":"Hee Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-936","article-title":"Deep learning image reconstruction in pediatric abdominal and chest computed tomography: a comparison of image quality and radiation dose","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Medicine Surg"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2021.11.002","article-title":"Effect of injection duration on contrast enhancement during cardiac computed tomography angiography in newborns and infants","volume":"28","author":"Masuda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiography (Lond)"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.11.009","article-title":"The applications of non-ECG-gated MSCT angiography in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"156","author":"Shiraishi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2015.10.003","article-title":"Cardiovascular imaging in pediatric patients using dual source CT","volume":"10","author":"Booij","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.6009\/jjrt.2020_JSRT_76.8.802","article-title":"New potential method for optimizing the ATCM technique in pediatric CT examination","volume":"76","author":"Yoshiura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2018.0897","article-title":"Image quality and radiation dose in CT venography using model-based iterative reconstruction at 80 kVp versus adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V at 70 kVp","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.304095167","article-title":"Overranging at multisection CT: an underestimated source of excess radiation exposure","volume":"30","author":"Schilham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.13941","article-title":"Pediatric chest CT: wide-volume and helical scan modes in 320-MDCT","volume":"205","author":"Ryu","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.23si035501","article-title":"CT of congenital heart disease: normal anatomy and typical pathologic conditions","volume":"23 Spec No","author":"Goo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2012.13.1.1","article-title":"CT radiation dose optimization and estimation: an update for radiologists","volume":"13","author":"Goo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncad295","article-title":"Cardiac computed tomography angiography with and without bolus tracking methods in infants with congenital heart disease","volume":"200","author":"Yoshiura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160094","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20160094","article-title":"Methods for the analysis of ordinal response data in medical image quality assessment","volume":"89","author":"Keeble","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","article-title":"Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic","volume":"22","author":"McHugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-009-1436-x","article-title":"Scan time and patient dose for thoracic imaging in neonates and small children using axial volumetric 320-detector row CT compared to helical 64-, 32-, and 16- detector row CT acquisitions","volume":"40","author":"Kroft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.313105079","article-title":"Optimal tube potential for radiation dose reduction in pediatric CT: principles, clinical implementations, and pitfalls","volume":"31","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e31827efc17","article-title":"Effect of x-ray tube parameters and iodine concentration on image quality and radiation dose in cerebral pediatric and adult CT angiography: a phantom study","volume":"48","author":"Papadakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-1159","article-title":"Performance evaluation of using shorter contrast injection and 70 kVp with deep learning image reconstruction for reduced contrast medium dose and radiation dose in coronary CT angiography for children: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000537","article-title":"Automatic tube current modulation and tube voltage selection in pediatric computed tomography: a phantom study on radiation dose and image quality","volume":"54","author":"Papadakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-015-3372-2","article-title":"Image quality at low tube voltage (70 kV) and sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction for computed tomography in infants with congenital heart disease","volume":"45","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20170874","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170874","article-title":"Low tube voltage prospectively ECG-triggered coronary CT angiography: a systematic review of image quality and radiation dose","volume":"91","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref39","article-title":"Sonia Sahney a new era of image reconstruction: TrueFidelity TM technical white paper on deep learning image reconstruction","author":"Hsieh","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2013.05.013","article-title":"Comparison of radiation dose estimates and scan performance in pediatric high-resolution thoracic CT for volumetric 320-detector row, helical 64-detector row, and noncontiguous axial scan acquisitions","volume":"20","author":"Podberesky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170019","article-title":"Imaging the infant chest without sedation: feasibility of using single axial rotation with 16-cm wide-detector CT","volume":"286","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"2026010207212655200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2998(86)80027-7","article-title":"ALARA and an integrated approach to radiation protection","volume":"16","author":"Hendee","year":"1986","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"}],"container-title":["Radiation Protection Dosimetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/202\/1\/43\/65877087\/ncaf152.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/202\/1\/43\/65877087\/ncaf152.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T12:21:36Z","timestamp":1767356496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article\/202\/1\/43\/8379494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rpd\/ncaf152","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8420","1742-3406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8420","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-3406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]}}}