{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:06:10Z","timestamp":1780481170468,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Nuclear Research Centre of Birine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Radioiodine-131 (131I) is the most significant environmental contaminant during a short-term nuclear accident. When present in the atmosphere, it concentrates mainly in the thyroid gland through inhalation or ingestion. This can lead to partial or total destruction of thyroid cells, potentially causing hypothyroidism. It therefore negatively affects the thyroid in exposed populations. At high doses, radiation can also cause cellular mutations and increase the risk of thyroid cancer, particularly in children under five years old and those exposed during pregnancy. In such cases, nonradioactive iodine tablets are used to saturate the thyroid and block the absorption of radioactive iodine. This study aimed to quantify and compare total atmospheric emissions of 131I using the ORIGEN-JR code, and to assess the radiological impacts on the environment and humans by estimating and comparing the total effective dose (TED) and committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) using the HOTSPOT code in the early stages following the Fukushima accident and at the TRIGA Mark-II research reactor in Bangladesh. The simulation results indicate that for the TRIGA MARK-II research reactor, the TED was approximately 379\u00a0mSv at a distance of 360\u00a0m, with a thyroid CEDE of 19\u00a0mSv. For the Fukushima reactor, the TED was approximately 875\u00a0mSv at 590\u00a0m, with a thyroid CEDE of about 63\u00a0mSv. Compared to the IAEA\u2019s annual regulatory limits, the TED and CEDE resulting from the Fukushima accident exceeded the permissible thresholds, requiring both evacuation of the population and iodine prophylaxis. Conversely, for the TRIGA MARK-II research reactor, the distribution of iodine tablets is not necessary; however, containment measures remain essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncaf172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T12:33:24Z","timestamp":1765197204000},"page":"678-683","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative study of 131I released during a nuclear accident"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"202","author":[{"given":"Amal","family":"Dadda Khorsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1205-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdallah","family":"Bouam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina Lyria","family":"Chiridi Deghal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Dahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belkacem","family":"Bouali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Process Engineering Laboratory, Ammar Telidji University , Laghouat 03000 ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amar","family":"Kentouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Koudiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Research Centre of Birine , B. P 180, Ain-Oussera 17200, Djelfa ,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.3403","article-title":"Source term estimation of multispecie atmospheric release of radiation from gamma dose rates","volume":"144","author":"Tich\u00fd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Q J R Meteorol Soc"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref2","volume-title":"The Fukushima Daiichi Accident","author":"IAEA","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref3","volume-title":"Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation","author":"UNSCEAR","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref4","volume-title":"Chernobyl: the True Scale of the Accident","author":"WHO","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref5","volume-title":"Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources","author":"IAEA","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref6","volume-title":"Effects of the Chernobyl Accident","author":"World Health Organization Health","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3329\/bjphy.v31i2.79520","article-title":"Study of radiological impact due to accidental release of significant radionuclides considering various weather conditions from the Triga Mark-II research reactor of Bangladesh","volume":"31","author":"Khaer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Phys"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref8","volume-title":"ORIGEN-JR: a Computer Code for Calculating Radiation Sources and Analyzing Nuclide Transmutations","author":"Koyama","year":"1979"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref9","article-title":"HotSpot health physics codes, version 3.1.2","author":"","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109043","article-title":"Assessment of the potential total effective dose (TED) and ground deposition (GD) following a hypothetical accident at the proposed Rooppur nuclear power plant","volume":"158","author":"Fairuz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Radiat Isot"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2024.111542","article-title":"Source term analysis and impact study during a hypothetical accident in Haiyang nuclear power plant","volume":"218","author":"Dadda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiat Phys Chem"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.18052\/www.scipress.com\/ILCPA.15.183","article-title":"Assessment of radiological dose around a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II research reactor","volume":"15","author":"Mizanur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Lett Chem Phys Astron"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.10.029","article-title":"Comparison of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents: a review of the environmental impacts","volume":"470\u20131","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026060305103154600_ref14","volume-title":"Case Study on Assessment of Radiological Environmental Impact from Potential Exposure","author":"IAEA","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Radiation Protection Dosimetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/202\/9\/678\/68458659\/ncaf172.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article-pdf\/202\/9\/678\/68458659\/ncaf172.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:10:40Z","timestamp":1780477840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rpd\/article\/202\/9\/678\/8700443"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rpd\/ncaf172","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8420","1742-3406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8420","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-3406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}