{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:10:32Z","timestamp":1790233832706,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/P000630\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/P000630\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N0137941\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N0137941\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["602407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["602407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/P000630\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/P000630\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N0137941\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N0137941\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["602407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["602407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Previous research on the neurobiological bases of resilience in youth has largely used categorical definitions of resilience and voxel-based morphometry methods that assess gray matter volume. However, it is important to consider brain structure more broadly as different cortical properties have distinct developmental trajectories. To address these limitations, we used surface-based morphometry and data-driven, continuous resilience scores to examine associations between resilience and cortical structure. Structural MRI data from 286 youths (Mage\u2009=\u200913.6\u2009years, 51% female) who took part in the European multi-site FemNAT-CD study were pre-processed and analyzed using surface-based morphometry. Continuous resilience scores were derived for each participant based on adversity exposure and levels of psychopathology using the residual regression method. Vertex-wise analyses assessed for correlations between resilience scores and cortical thickness, surface area, gyrification and volume. Resilience scores were positively associated with right lateral occipital surface area and right superior frontal gyrification and negatively correlated with left inferior temporal surface area. Moreover, sex-by-resilience interactions were observed for gyrification in frontal and temporal regions. Our findings extend previous research by revealing that resilience is related to surface area and gyrification in frontal, occipital and temporal regions that are implicated in emotion regulation and face or object recognition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsae006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T01:39:35Z","timestamp":1706578775000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Identifying cortical structure markers of resilience to adversity in young people using surface-based morphometry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Harriet","family":"Cornwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bath , 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Toschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome \u2018Tor Vergata\u2019 , Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina e Chirurgia, Viale Montpellier, Rome 1 \u2013 00133,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School , 149 13th Street Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hamilton-Giachritsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bath , 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Staginnus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bath , 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Areti","family":"Smaragdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development Institute , 197 Euclid Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M6J 2J8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Gonzalez-Madruga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Middlesex University , The Burroughs, Hendon, London NW4 4BT,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7995-8881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Mackes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London , De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University , Deutschordenstrasse 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, School of Psychology , Marienburgstrasse 6, Frankfurt am Main 60528,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Kohls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen , Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden 01307,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora Maria","family":"Raschle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital , Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, Basel 4002,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development at the University of Zurich , Andreasstrasse 15, Zurich 8050,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen , Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen and Research Centre Juelich , Wilhelm-Johnen-Stra\u00dfe, Juelich 52425,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Stadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital , Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, Basel 4002,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine M","family":"Freitag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University , Deutschordenstrasse 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephane A","family":"De Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7814-9938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graeme","family":"Fairchild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bath , 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100323321404000_R1","volume-title":"Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist\/4-18 and 1991 Profile","author":"Achenbach","year":"1991"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025100323321404000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.130906","article-title":"Psychiatric resilience: longitudinal twin study","volume":"205","author":"Amstadter","year":"2014","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10040567","article-title":"Childhood trauma and children\u2019s emerging psychotic symptoms: a genetically sensitive longitudinal cohort study","volume":"168","author":"Arseneault","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00558","article-title":"Quality control of structural MRI images applied using FreeSurfer\u2014a hands-on workflow to rate motion artifacts","volume":"10","author":"Backhausen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s42844-020-00014-6","article-title":"Structural brain patterns associated with traumatic stress resilience and susceptibility to mood and anxiety symptoms in youths","volume":"1","author":"Barzilay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adversity and Resilience Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025100323321404000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X35344","article-title":"The childhood experience of care and abuse questionnaire (CECA.Q): validation in a community series","volume":"44","author":"Bifulco","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00693","article-title":"Neuroimaging correlates of resilience to traumatic events\u2013a comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Bolsinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025100323321404000_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2010.02216.x","article-title":"Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying: evidence of an environmental effect","volume":"51","author":"Bowes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025100323321404000_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12552","article-title":"Structural brain correlates of adolescent resilience","volume":"57","author":"Burt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identifying structural brain markers of resilience to adversity in young people using voxel-based morphometry","author":"Cornwell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"4pt2","key":"2025100323321404000_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000942","article-title":"Posterior structural brain volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"27","author":"De Bellis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025100323321404000_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000096","article-title":"Emotion and the prefrontal cortex: an integrative review","volume":"143","author":"Dixon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R14","article-title":"Troubleshooting your output","author":"Draudt","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.11.015","article-title":"Predictors of resilience in abused and neglected children grown-up: the role of individual and neighborhood characteristics","volume":"31","author":"DuMont","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.11.001","article-title":"Resilience and young people\u2019s brain structure, function and connectivity: a systematic review","volume":"132","author":"Eaton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025100323321404000_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021","article-title":"FreeSurfer","volume":"62","author":"Fischl","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X","article-title":"Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain","volume":"33","author":"Fischl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025100323321404000_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-018-1172-6","article-title":"Conduct disorder in adolescent females: current state of research and study design of the FemNAT-CD consortium","volume":"27","author":"Freitag","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00230","article-title":"A systematic review of amenable resilience factors that moderate and\/or mediate the relationship between childhood adversity and mental health in young people","volume":"9","author":"Fritz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.05.008","article-title":"Trajectories of resilience and dysfunction following potential trauma: a review and statistical evaluation","volume":"63","author":"Galatzer-Levy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1308.009","article-title":"Structural magnetic resonance imaging of the adolescent brain","volume":"1021","author":"Giedd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144220","article-title":"The human visual cortex","volume":"27","author":"Grill-Spector","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025100323321404000_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.07.036","article-title":"Smoothing and cluster thresholding for cortical surface-based group analysis of fMRI data","volume":"33","author":"Hagler","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-020-00305-w","article-title":"Survey on categorical data for neural networks","volume":"7","author":"Hancock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Big Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.1.128","article-title":"Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study","volume":"107","author":"Hankin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025100323321404000_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-017-0854-y","article-title":"Sex differences in trauma-related psychopathology: a critical review of neuroimaging literature (2014\u20132017)","volume":"19","author":"Helpman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025100323321404000_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0193(200102)12:2<110::AID-HBM1008>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Visual recognition: evidence for two distinctive mechanisms from a PET study","volume":"12","author":"Herath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R29","article-title":"The complex neurobiology of resilient functioning after childhood maltreatment","volume":"18","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025100323321404000_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-018-0963-6","article-title":"Resilience and cortical thickness: a MRI study","volume":"270","author":"Kahl","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025100323321404000_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-017-0200-8","article-title":"The resilience framework as a strategy to combat stress-related disorders","volume":"1","author":"Kalisch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.710493","article-title":"The frequent stressor and mental health monitoring-paradigm: a proposal for the operationalization and measurement of resilience and the identification of resilience processes in longitudinal observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Kalisch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025100323321404000_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021","article-title":"Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data","volume":"36","author":"Kaufman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025100323321404000_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13428","article-title":"Sex differences in psychiatric comorbidity and clinical presentation in youths with conduct disorder","volume":"63","author":"Konrad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.10.008","article-title":"Sex differences in the adolescent brain","volume":"72","author":"Lenroot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3533","article-title":"Morphological connectivity correlates with trait impulsivity in healthy adults","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025100323321404000_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4228","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3976-13.2014","article-title":"Mapping longitudinal development of local cortical gyrification in infants from birth to 2 years of age","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025100323321404000_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu027","article-title":"Dynamic development of regional cortical thickness and surface area in early childhood","volume":"25","author":"Lyall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000115","article-title":"The theory of latent vulnerability: reconceptualizing the link between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorder","volume":"27","author":"McCrory","year":"2015","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025100323321404000_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2277","article-title":"Childhood adversities and first onset of psychiatric disorders in a national sample of US adolescents","volume":"69","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-7-6","article-title":"Resource factors for mental health resilience in early childhood: an analysis with multiple methodologies","volume":"7","author":"Miller-Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.205","article-title":"Amygdala, hippocampus, and ventral medial prefrontal cortex volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"41","author":"Morey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025100323321404000_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.12.058","article-title":"Differential effects of surface area, gyrification and cortical thickness on voxel based morphometric deficits in schizophrenia","volume":"60","author":"Palaniyappan","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025100323321404000_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp026","article-title":"Distinct genetic influences on cortical surface area and cortical thickness","volume":"19","author":"Panizzon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025100323321404000_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2513","article-title":"Why do many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence?","volume":"9","author":"Paus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Reviews, Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025100323321404000_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23825","article-title":"Sex differences in the adolescent brain and body: findings from the Saguenay youth study","volume":"95","author":"Paus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025100323321404000_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1037\/h0099830","article-title":"Resilience among children in war: the role of multilevel social factors","volume":"20","author":"Peltonen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Traumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025100323321404000_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537962","article-title":"A self-report measure of pubertal status: reliability, validity, and initial norms","volume":"17","author":"Petersen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"19","key":"2025100323321404000_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7174","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0054-11.2011","article-title":"How does your cortex grow?","volume":"31","author":"Raznahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025100323321404000_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.05.009","article-title":"Resilience to bullying victimization: the role of individual, family and peer characteristics","volume":"37","author":"Sapouna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00750","article-title":"Decreased frontal gyrification correlates with altered connectivity in children with autism","volume":"7","author":"Schaer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R52","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: Disease Control Priorities","author":"Scott","year":"2016","edition":"3rd"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025100323321404000_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2017.05.015","article-title":"Sex differences in the relationship between conduct disorder and cortical structure in adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Smaragdi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.07.014","article-title":"Altered gyrification in schizophrenia and its relation to other morphometric markers","volume":"202","author":"Spalthoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-009-9002-3","article-title":"One century of brain mapping using Brodmann areas","volume":"19","author":"Strotzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12507","article-title":"Annual research review: enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect","volume":"57","author":"Teicher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9820","key":"2025100323321404000_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60871-4","article-title":"Depression in adolescence","volume":"379","author":"Thapar","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025100323321404000_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000836","article-title":"Adolescent friendships predict later resilient functioning across psychosocial domains in a healthy community cohort","volume":"47","author":"van Harmelen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"10258","key":"2025100323321404000_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Vos","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R60","volume-title":"Manual for the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale (WASI)","author":"Wechsler","year":"1999"},{"key":"2025100323321404000_R61","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children\u2013Fourth Edition (WISC-IV)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2003"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025100323321404000_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2013.06.007","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and psychopathology affect brain development during adolescence","volume":"52","author":"Whittle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100323321404000_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.12.028","article-title":"Cortical thickness or grey matter volume? The importance of selecting the phenotype for imaging genetics studies","volume":"53","author":"Winkler","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"}],"container-title":["Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/scan\/nsae006\/56450515\/nsae006.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article-pdf\/19\/1\/nsae006\/56614336\/nsae006.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article-pdf\/19\/1\/nsae006\/56614336\/nsae006.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T03:32:31Z","timestamp":1759548751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/scan\/nsae006\/7591600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsae006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-5016","1749-5024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-5016","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-5024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"article-number":"nsae006"}}