{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:35:09Z","timestamp":1792794909240,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KU Leuven C1","award":["C14\/18\/097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C14\/18\/097"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05f950310","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"KU Leuven Small Research Equipment grant","award":["B.B. and R.v.W. (KA\/20\/080)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.B. and R.v.W. (KA\/20\/080)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05f950310","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Research Foundation Flanders","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R.V.W. and B.B. (G063518N)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R.V.W. and B.B. (G063518N)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSC, 202009110102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSC, 202009110102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FWO Postdoctoral Fellowship","award":["12C9723N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12C9723N"]}]},{"name":"FWO Fellowship","award":["11M4722N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11M4722N"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies linking childhood adversity with risk for psychopathology suggest a threat-related information processing bias in those exposed. We combined frequency-tagging electroencephalography (EEG) and eye-tracking to assess automatic and implicit facial expression processing in youth aged 16\u201324\u2009years with childhood adversity and emerging psychiatric symptoms (N\u2009=\u200952) as compared to healthy controls (N\u2009=\u200947). Neural discrimination of angry or happy faces from neutral faces was assessed via an EEG oddball paradigm. Neural responses and preferential looking towards angry versus neutral faces were quantified via an EEG multi-input paradigm with eye-tracking. Youth exposed to adversity showed reduced angry-neutral discrimination, which was specifically related to their threat but not neglect experiences and independent of concurrent psychiatric symptoms. When presenting angry and neutral faces simultaneously, controls showed higher neural responses to neutral faces but adversity exposed youth showed indistinct neural responses to both face categories. Furthermore, they showed increased neural responses for angry faces relative to controls. These results underscore the evidence of increased neural responses to angry faces in adversity as well as reduced neural threat-safety discrimination uniquely relating to threat experiences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsaf105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T11:58:10Z","timestamp":1760097490000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early threat experiences relate to reduced neural face discrimination in youth with emerging psychiatric symptoms: a frequency-tagging electroencephalography study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0221-470X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiling","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University , Ji\u2019nan,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Shandong Normal University , Ji\u2019nan,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Samaey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Van der Donck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Developmental Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Mazereel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6743-2041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lise","family":"Jennen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davy","family":"Vancampfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"University Psychiatric Center (UPC), KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruud","family":"van Winkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"University Psychiatric Center (UPC), KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4718-667X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Boets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Developmental Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002762","article-title":"Childhood trauma is associated with increased brain responses to emotionally negative as compared with positive faces in patients with psychotic disorders","volume":"47","author":"Aas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(98)00109-3","article-title":"State and trait anxiety in women affected by allergic and vasomotor rhinitis","volume":"46","author":"Addolorato","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211029403","article-title":"Emotion recognition in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Annie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20220174","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and mental health problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis of quasi-experimental studies","volume":"180","author":"Baldwin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0001223","article-title":"Task-related modulation of facial expression processing: an FPVS-EEG study","volume":"23","author":"Baudouin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B6","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II","author":"Beck","year":"1996"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B7","volume-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Retrospective Self-Report Manual","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.09.020","article-title":"Abnormal emotional processing in maltreated children diagnosed of complex posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"73","author":"Bert\u00f3","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.02.025","article-title":"Attentional bias and childhood maltreatment in clinical depression\u2014an eye-tracking study","volume":"112","author":"Bodenschatz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12397","article-title":"Attention bias and anxiety in young children exposed to family violence","volume":"56","author":"Briggs-Gowan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0160056","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160056","article-title":"Differences in facial emotion recognition between first episode psychosis, borderline personality disorder and healthy controls","volume":"11","author":"Catalan","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.03.006","article-title":"The importance of stimulus variability when studying face processing using fast periodic visual stimulation: a novel \u2018mixed-emotions\u2019 paradigm","volume":"117","author":"Coll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.11.014","article-title":"Social cognitive dysfunction as a clinical marker: a systematic review of meta-analyses across 30 clinical conditions","volume":"84","author":"Cotter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01460","article-title":"Facial emotion processing and recognition among maltreated children: a systematic literature review","volume":"5","author":"da Silva Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.05.049","article-title":"Can we identify mothers at-risk for postpartum anxiety in the immediate postpartum period using the State-Trait anxiety inventory?","volume":"150","author":"Dennis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8010010","article-title":"Effects of early neglect experience on recognition and processing of facial expressions: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Doretto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/13506285.2019.1616639","article-title":"High test-retest reliability of a neural index of rapid automatic discrimination of unfamiliar individual faces","volume":"27","author":"Dzhelyova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vis Cogn"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B18","first-page":"4106","article-title":"At a single glance: fast periodic visual stimulation uncovers the spatio-temporal dynamics of brief facial expression changes in the human brain","volume":"27","author":"Dzhelyova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.06.005","article-title":"Measuring poly-victimization using the juvenile victimization questionnaire","volume":"29","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729835","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.729835","article-title":"Victims of bullying: emotion recognition and understanding","volume":"12","author":"Franzen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09411-z","article-title":"The frequencies and disparities of adverse childhood experiences in the U.S","volume":"20","author":"Giano","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-010-9138-6","article-title":"Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: a review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies","volume":"20","author":"Harms","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12607","article-title":"Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions following early life stress is associated with impaired social functioning","volume":"57","author":"Humphreys","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B24","volume-title":"An Introduction to Statistical Learning with Application in R","author":"James","year":"2021","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457941900110X","article-title":"Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions","volume":"32","author":"Kirkham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930903485076","article-title":"Presentation and validation of the radboud faces database presentation and validation of the radboud faces database","volume":"24","author":"Langner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cogn Emot"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B27","author":"Lenth","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.10.022","article-title":"An objective index of individual face discrimination in the right occipito-temporal cortex by means of fast periodic oddball stimulation","volume":"52","author":"Liu-Shuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00202-4","article-title":"Social thinning and stress generation after childhood maltreatment\u202f: a neurocognitive social transactional model of psychiatric vulnerability","volume":"9","author":"Mccrory","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2016.10.004","article-title":"Child trauma exposure and psychopathology: mechanisms of risk and resilience","volume":"14","author":"Mclaughlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721416655883","article-title":"Beyond cumulative risk: a dimensional approach to childhood adversity","volume":"25","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and neural development: deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience","volume":"47","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-devpsych-121318-084950","article-title":"Childhood adversity and neural development: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-019-01636-w","article-title":"Facial emotion recognition in maltreated children: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Medeiros","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14725","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14725","article-title":"Enhanced neural sensitivity to brief changes of happy over angry facial expressions in preschoolers: a fast periodic visual stimulation study","volume":"62","author":"Naumann","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579412001216","article-title":"Emotion recognition following early psychosocial deprivation","volume":"25","author":"Nelson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.115029","article-title":"Specific facial emotion recognition deficits across the course of psychosis: a comparison of individuals with low-risk, high-risk, first-episode psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders","volume":"320","author":"Pena-garijo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718003203","article-title":"The roles of early-life adversity and rumination in neural response to emotional faces amongst anxious and depressed adults","volume":"49","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-062111-150525","article-title":"The attention system of the human brain: 20 years after","volume":"35","author":"Petersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B40","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.36.5.679","article-title":"Recognizing emotion in faces: developmental effects of child abuse and neglect","volume":"36","author":"Pollak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.38.5.784","article-title":"Effects of early experience on children\u2019s recognition of facial displays of emotion","volume":"38","author":"Pollak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.112.3.323","article-title":"Selective attention to facial emotion in physically abused children","volume":"112","author":"Pollak","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2019.03.006","article-title":"Rapid and automatic discrimination between facial expressions in the human brain","volume":"129","author":"Poncet","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u00adNeuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325","article-title":"The attention system of the human brain","volume":"13","author":"Posner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291725000029","article-title":"Implicit neural sensitivity for negatively valued social and non-social visual scenes in young adults exposed to childhood adversity","volume":"55","author":"Qiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12091224","article-title":"Frequency-Tagging EEG of superimposed social and non-social visual stimulation streams provides no support for social salience enhancement after intranasal oxytocin administration","volume":"12","author":"Qiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-07254-9","article-title":"Reduced threat-safety discrimination and generally enhanced generalization responses in adversity exposed youth with emerging psychiatric symptoms","volume":"25","author":"Qiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B49","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environmentfor Statistical Computing","author":"Core Team","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12621","article-title":"Lest we forget: comparing retrospective and prospective assessments of adverse childhood experiences in the prediction of adult health","volume":"57","author":"Reuben","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0151-9","article-title":"Rules versus prototype matching: Strategies of perception of emotional facial expressions in the autism spectrum","volume":"37","author":"Rutherford","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B52","first-page":"692","article-title":"Early adversity and emotion processing from faces: a meta-analysis on behavioral and neurophysiological responses","volume":"6","author":"Saarinen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B53","volume-title":"BMC Medicine","author":"Samaey"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592937","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.592937","article-title":"Facial expression processing across the autism\u2013psychosis spectra: a review of neural findings and associations with adverse childhood events","volume":"11","author":"Samaey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12446","article-title":"Psychosis risk screening in different populations using the prodromal questionnaire: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Savill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13267","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13267","article-title":"Threat and deprivation are associated with distinct aspects of cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.7.4.838","article-title":"Physical abuse amplifies attention to threat and increases anxiety in children","volume":"7","author":"Shackman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B59","volume-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbz128","article-title":"Emotion recognition and adverse childhood experiences in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis","volume":"46","author":"Tognin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4658","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04172-0","article-title":"Fast periodic visual stimulation EEG reveals reduced neural sensitivity to fearful faces in children with autism","volume":"49","author":"Van der Donck","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13201","article-title":"Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"61","author":"Van der Donck","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14026","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14026","article-title":"Monitoring the effect of oxytocin on the neural sensitivity to emotional faces via frequency-tagging EEG: a double-blind, cross-over study","volume":"59","author":"Van der Donck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714002372","article-title":"Childhood trauma is associated with a specific admixture of affective, anxiety, and psychosis symptoms cutting across traditional diagnostic boundaries","volume":"45","author":"Van Nierop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.12.013","article-title":"Combined frequency-tagging EEG and eye tracking reveal reduced social bias in boys with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"125","author":"Vettori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2025110820095595500_nsaf105-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22188","article-title":"Normative data on the beck depression inventory\u2014second edition (BDI-II) in college students","volume":"71","author":"Whisman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"}],"container-title":["Social Cognitive And Affective Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/scan\/nsaf105\/64702476\/nsaf105.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article-pdf\/20\/1\/nsaf105\/64702476\/nsaf105.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article-pdf\/20\/1\/nsaf105\/64702476\/nsaf105.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T01:10:14Z","timestamp":1762650614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/scan\/nsaf105\/8285977"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsaf105","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-5016","1749-5024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-5016","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-5024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"nsaf105"}}