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However, no study has yet examined their interaction at the neural level. Trait RNT and neuroticism were assessed in a sample of 126 healthy participants, followed by a fMRI task designed to elicit RNT. Linear models were employed to examine the interaction between trait RNT and neuroticism and main effects of RNT on brain changes. No significant interaction between trait RNT and neuroticism in relation to DMN and AI recruitment was found. A positive association was observed between trait RNT and recruitment of the precuneus during negative self-referential processing compared to distraction; however, this result did not survive FDR correction for multiple comparisons. Exploratory analyses revealed that responses of the anterior insula during RNT compared to distraction were inversely related to self-reported trait RNT on the trend-level. Our results confirm the relevance of DMN recruitment for RNT and underscore a putative role of the anterior insula. The absence of a significant interaction between RNT and neuroticism may suggest that an alternative conceptualization of their relationship could better capture their underlying dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsaf118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T13:12:47Z","timestamp":1762434767000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An investigation of the interaction of trait repetitive negative thinking and neuroticism on brain activity during negative self-referential processing: a cross-sectional fMRI study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9747-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marvin S","family":"Meiering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Berlin Institute of Neuroscience and Biopsychology for Clinical Application, , Berlin, 14197,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Department of Education and Psychology, , Berlin, 14195,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5402-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Weigner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Berlin Institute of Neuroscience and Biopsychology for Clinical Application, , Berlin, 14197,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Department of Education and Psychology, , Berlin, 14195,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3355-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Gruzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Berlin Institute of Neuroscience and Biopsychology for Clinical Application, , Berlin, 14197,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Department of Education and Psychology, , Berlin, 14195,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f6ren","family":"Enge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Berlin Institute of Neuroscience and Biopsychology for Clinical Application, , Berlin, 14197,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Grimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Berlin Institute of Neuroscience and Biopsychology for Clinical Application, , Berlin, 14197,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Departmenf of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, , Berlin, 12203,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, , Zurich, 8032,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-013-0224-0","article-title":"Neuroticism and extraversion are associated with amygdala resting-state functional connectivity","volume":"14","author":"Aghajani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.02.005","article-title":"Functional-anatomic fractionation of the brain\u2019s default network","volume":"65","author":"Andrews-Hanna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2016.35.3.181","article-title":"Repetitive negative thinking: a transdiagnostic correlate of affective disorders","volume":"35","author":"Arditte","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Soc Clin Psychol"},{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsu117","article-title":"Imbalance of default mode and regulatory networks during externally focused processing in depression","volume":"10","author":"Belleau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci"},{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.2378\/peu2013.art09d","article-title":"Validierung des STAI-SKD zur messung von zustandsangst in echten pr\u00fcfungssituationen","volume":"60","author":"Bertrams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht"},{"key":"2025112218311468600_nsaf118-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000946","article-title":"Why do my thoughts feel so bad? 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