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DPBs are also mediators of negative symptom improvement in clinical trials. Despite the clinical significance of DPBs and their inclusion as a mechanism of change measure in clinical trials, the psychometric properties of the DPB scale have not been examined in any schizophrenia-spectrum group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the DPB\u00a0scale in 943 schizophrenia and 250 clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) participants from multiple US sites. Confirmatory factor analyses tested competing factor structures: a unidimensional model\u2014consistent with how DPBs are currently assessed\u2014and multifactorial models with up to 4 factors identified with exploratory factor analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Models with 3 and 4 factors provided superior fit compared\u00a0to the unidimensional model, with an advantage for the 3-factor model. The 3-factor model, consisting of Overvaluing Success, Overvaluing Failure, and Overvaluing Social Evaluation factors, demonstrated good replicability, temporal stability, and measurement invariance in schizophrenia and CHR samples. Convergent validity was demonstrated via significant correlations with negative symptoms and functioning, but limited associations were present with neurocognition. Discriminant validity was supported by low correlations with positive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings support the validity and reliability of the 3-factor structure of the DPB scale across phases of psychosis. Use of a 3-factor structure may clarify the most critical DPB targets for negative symptom treatment and early prevention and intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbae220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T23:26:29Z","timestamp":1734132389000},"page":"1606-1619","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Revisiting the Defeatist Performance Belief Scale in Adults With Schizophrenia and Youth at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: A Comprehensive Psychometric Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Luther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Georgia , Athens, GA 30602 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35233 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony 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