{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:51:42Z","timestamp":1791435102545,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH RO1 grant \u201cNeuroinflammation and Neurogenesis in Schizophrenia\u201d","award":["1R01MH126108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH126108"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP# 2009237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP# 2009237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NSW Health Schizophrenia Research","award":["#RG220489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#RG220489"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Medical Research Futures","award":["GNT1200428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1200428"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Growing evidence indicates that vascular processes, including blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) function and angiogenesis, may be altered in schizophrenia and related to neuroinflammation. The subependymal zone (SEZ) neurogenic niche shows reduced neurogenesis markers in schizophrenia that are more pronounced with neuroinflammation. Since inflammatory neuropathology is related to increased diapedesis-related transcripts, we hypothesize that endothelial cells would be impacted in this neurogenic niche in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We measured the expression of four BBB-related mRNAs [claudin-5 (CLDN5), occludin (OCLN), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1), and tight junction protein 1 (TJP1)] and five angiogenesis-related mRNAs [angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), and TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (TEK)] via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, followed by semi-quantitative immunofluorescence for claudin-5 and collagen-IV protein. We estimated proportions of vascular cells by running cellular deconvolution on previous bulk RNA sequencing data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In high-inflammation schizophrenia, we found increased PECAM1 mRNA, CLDN5 mRNA and claudin-5 protein expression potentially relating to leukocyte trafficking and repair of endothelial tight junctions. The estimated proportion of vascular cells and VEGFA mRNA levels were increased, potentially indicating increased angiogenesis in high-inflammation schizophrenia. Higher VEGFA and CLDN5 mRNA levels were associated with higher expression of markers of immune cell transmigration but lower expression of immature neuron markers, suggesting that vascular dysfunction may impact neurogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings reveal that changes in the BBB and angiogenesis are more severe in high-inflammation schizophrenia and appear to be linked to reduced neurogenesis in the SEZ. This study underscores the importance of inflammation in shaping vascular and neurogenic pathology in schizophrenia, offering potential pathways for future therapeutic exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T01:21:24Z","timestamp":1762651284000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Altered Vascular and Angiogenic Transcripts in the Neurogenic Niche in Neuroinflammatory-Type Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8946-6960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayley F","family":"North","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Randwick, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Randwick, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice M","family":"Fullerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Randwick, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW \u00a0","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maree J","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Brain Research, Stanley Medical Research Institute , 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4560-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia","family":"Shannon Weickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Randwick, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University , 505 Irving Ave, Syracuse, NY 13210 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref1","article-title":"Molecular evidence for altered angiogenesis in Neuroinflammation-associated schizophrenia and bipolar disorder implicate an abnormal midbrain blood-brain barrier","volume":"51","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.156","article-title":"Dose-dependent expression of claudin-5 is a modifying factor in schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Greene","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2016.00035","article-title":"How necessary is the vasculature in the life of neural stem and progenitor cells? Evidence from evolution, development and the adult nervous system","volume":"10","author":"Koutsakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.306","article-title":"Subventricular zone-derived neural progenitor cells migrate along a blood vessel scaffold toward the post-stroke striatum","volume":"28","author":"Kojima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22028","article-title":"Neurogenesis and progenitor cells in the adult human brain: a comparison between hippocampal and subventricular progenitor proliferation","volume":"72","author":"Curtis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6880","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01149-3","article-title":"Reduced adult neurogenesis is associated with increased macrophages in the subependymal zone in schizophrenia","volume":"26","author":"North","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01742-8","article-title":"A schizophrenia subgroup with elevated inflammation displays reduced microglia, increased peripheral immune cell and altered neurogenesis marker gene expression in the subependymal zone","volume":"11","author":"North","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.06.020","article-title":"Alterations in cortical interneurons and cognitive function in schizophrenia","volume":"131","author":"Dienel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.07.025","article-title":"A specialized vascular niche for adult neural stem cells","volume":"3","author":"Tavazoie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.07.026","article-title":"Adult SVZ stem cells lie in a vascular niche: a quantitative analysis of niche cell-cell interactions","volume":"3","author":"Shen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H896","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00154.2017","article-title":"Vascular niche contribution to age-associated neural stem cell dysfunction","volume":"313","author":"Apple","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Phys Heart Circ Phys"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01149-3","article-title":"Reduced adult neurogenesis is associated with increased macrophages in the subependymal zone in schizophrenia","volume":"26","author":"Weissleder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400700","article-title":"Rapid remodeling of tight junctions during paracellular diapedesis in a human model of the blood\u2013brain barrier","volume":"193","author":"Winger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.08.025","article-title":"Increased immune cell and altered microglia and neurogenesis transcripts in an Australian schizophrenia subgroup with elevated inflammation","volume":"248","author":"North","year":"2022","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0235-x","article-title":"Increased macrophages and changed brain endothelial cell gene expression in the frontal cortex of people with schizophrenia displaying inflammation","volume":"25","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02002","article-title":"Increased macrophages and C1qA, C3, C4 transcripts in the midbrain of people with schizophrenia","volume":"11","author":"Purves-Tyson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.5455\/bcp.20130713091100","article-title":"Intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and E-selectin levels in first episode schizophrenic patients","volume":"23","author":"Kavzoglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bulletin Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-017-0842-6","article-title":"Abnormal levels of vascular endothelial biomarkers in schizophrenia","volume":"268","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41537-024-00466-0","article-title":"RNA-sequencing suggests extracellular matrix and vasculature dysregulation could impair neurogenesis in schizophrenia cases with elevated inflammation","volume":"10","author":"North","year":"2024","journal-title":"Schizophrenia"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref20","article-title":"Increased levels of midbrain immune-related transcripts in schizophrenia and in murine offspring after maternal immune activation","volume":"26","author":"Purves-Tyson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-007-9074-0","article-title":"Angiogenesis and chronic inflammation: cause or consequence?","volume":"10","author":"Costa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X18666200720173316","article-title":"Angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier permeability in vascular remodeling after stroke","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1551-3","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2-induced blood\u2013brain barrier compromise and increased stroke size are rescued by VE-PTP-dependent restoration of Tie2 signaling","volume":"131","author":"Gurnik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11946","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.182296499","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"99","author":"Jin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.02.042","article-title":"Coupling of neurogenesis and angiogenesis after ischemic stroke","volume":"1623","author":"Ruan","year":"2015;","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58196","article-title":"The yin, the yang, and the angiopoietin-1","volume":"121","author":"Saharinen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714446115","article-title":"Context-dependent functions of angiopoietin 2 are determined by the endothelial phosphatase VEPTP","volume":"115","author":"Souma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1545-x","article-title":"Differential transcriptional profiles identify microglial- and macrophage-specific gene markers expressed during virus-induced neuroinflammation","volume":"16","author":"DePaula-Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.96","article-title":"Association of serum VEGF levels with prefrontal cortex volume in schizophrenia","volume":"21","author":"Pillai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.42","article-title":"Identification of a biological signature for schizophrenia in serum","volume":"17","author":"Schwarz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2006.10.004","article-title":"Angiopoietins: a link between angiogenesis and inflammation","volume":"27","author":"Fiedler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30293-6","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier in psychosis","volume":"5","author":"Pollak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3964","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003964","article-title":"The cerebral microvasculature in schizophrenia: a laser capture microdissection study","volume":"3","author":"Harris","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2015.06.001","article-title":"The vascular niche in adult neurogenesis","volume":"138","author":"Licht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mech Dev"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-019-0123-z","article-title":"Claudin-5: gatekeeper of neurological function","volume":"16","author":"Greene","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93382","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21850","article-title":"PKA activation and endothelial claudin-5 breakdown in the schizophrenic prefrontal cortex","volume":"8","author":"Nishiura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01054-3","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier associated tight junction disruption is a hallmark feature of major psychiatric disorders","volume":"10","author":"Greene","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01653-0","article-title":"Schizophrenia-derived hiPSC brain microvascular endothelial-like cells show impairments in angiogenesis and blood\u2013brain barrier function","volume":"27","author":"Casas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.167","article-title":"Decreased brain pH as a shared Endophenotype of psychiatric disorders","volume":"43","author":"Hagihara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref40","volume-title":"Atlas of the Human Brain","author":"Mai","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0246-23.2024","article-title":"Single-nucleus RNA-seq characterizes the cell types along the neuronal lineage in the adult human subependymal zone and reveals reduced oligodendrocyte progenitor abundance with age","volume":"11","author":"Puvogel","year":"2024","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0114-2","article-title":"Determining cell type abundance and expression from bulk tissues with digital cytometry","volume":"37","author":"Newman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref43","first-page":"143","volume-title":"The Polymodal Pathological Pain Receptor\u2014A Gateway to Pathological Pain","author":"Reeh"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.02.010","article-title":"VEGF-mediated inflammation precedes angiogenesis in adult brain","volume":"187","author":"Croll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090206","article-title":"Angiogenesis in platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-null mice","volume":"175","author":"Cao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02255-0","article-title":"Brain microvascular endothelial cells and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in psychotic disorders","volume":"28","author":"Lizano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.03.001","article-title":"Blood vessels as a scaffold for neuronal migration","volume":"126","author":"Fujioka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13071200","article-title":"Immune-related genomic schizophrenic subtyping identified in DLPFC transcriptome","volume":"13","author":"Childers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1999.0762","article-title":"Endothelial trophic support of neuronal production and recruitment from the adult mammalian subependyma","volume":"13","author":"Leventhal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.06.005","article-title":"Decreased VEGF mRNA expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects","volume":"115","author":"Fulzele","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527313666141023121550","article-title":"Down regulated expression of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 and up regulation of \u03b2-catenin: association with human glioma progression","volume":"13","author":"K Karnati","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-CNS & Neurological Disorders)"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14466-y","article-title":"Fibrinogen induces neural stem cell differentiation into astrocytes in the subventricular zone via BMP signaling","volume":"11","author":"Pous","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.12.006","article-title":"The role of inflammatory cytokines as key modulators of neurogenesis","volume":"38","author":"Borsini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0938-24.2024","article-title":"Monocyte invasion into the retina restricts the regeneration of neurons from M\u00fcller glia","volume":"44","author":"Blasdel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2017.07.012","article-title":"Monocyte depletion early after stroke promotes neurogenesis from endogenous neural stem cells in adult brain","volume":"297","author":"Laterza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.12.007","article-title":"Decreased pH in the aging brain and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"101","author":"Decker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1984.62","article-title":"Influence of in vitro lactic acidosis and hypercapnia on respiratory activity of isolated rat brain mitochondria","volume":"4","author":"Hillered","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218297","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1218297","article-title":"Unravelling the interplay between extracellular acidosis and immune cells","volume":"2018","author":"Erra D\u00edaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13410","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.426254","article-title":"Extracellular acidosis is a novel danger signal alerting innate immunity via the NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"288","author":"Rajam\u00e4ki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4113","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17756-7","article-title":"T-cells produce acidic niches in lymph nodes to suppress their own effector functions","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabh2169","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abh2169","article-title":"A single\u2013cell type transcriptomics map of human tissues","volume":"7","author":"Karlsson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.04.005","article-title":"Moderately acidic pH promotes angiogenesis: an in vitro and in vivo study","volume":"46","author":"Saghiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endodont"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2023.08.008","article-title":"pH sensing at the intersection of tissue homeostasis and inflammation","volume":"44","author":"Hajjar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"2026100800430076500_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100028","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202100028","article-title":"pH-sensitive, cerebral vasculature-targeting hydroxyethyl starch functionalized nanoparticles for improved angiogenesis and neurological function recovery in ischemic stroke","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Advanced healthcare materials"}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/52\/5\/sbaf177\/65225133\/sbaf177.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/52\/5\/sbaf177\/65225133\/sbaf177.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:43:41Z","timestamp":1791434621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf177\/8315095"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf177","relation":{},"ISSN":["0586-7614","1745-1701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0586-7614","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-1701","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"article-number":"sbaf177"}}