{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:39:27Z","timestamp":1790854767335,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During menopause, estrogen levels change dramatically, which may decrease clozapine blood concentrations in women via estrogen\u2019s inhibitory effect on CYP1A2 activity. This reduction could contribute to increased relapse rates seen in older women with psychotic disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clozapine blood concentration data were retrieved from the University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. A total of 982 patients (720 men, 262 women), aged 40-60, with 17\u2009104 measurements, were included for analyses. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) assessed clozapine trajectories by sex, while linear mixed-effects models (LMEM) assessed sex differences between trajectory classes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal LCGA model (7-quantile splines) identified 3 clusters. Most women (n\u2009=\u2009157, 60%) showed a decline in clozapine levels from 520 to 400\u00a0\u03bcg\/L between the ages of 40-60. In contrast, most men (n\u2009=\u2009392, 54%) had stable levels (mean 460\u00a0\u03bcg\/L). Two other trajectories appeared in both sexes: a mild increase starting at age 45 (men: n\u2009=\u2009272, 38%; women: n\u2009=\u200997, 37%) and a marked increase from 40 to 60 (men: n\u2009=\u200956, ~8%; women: n\u2009=\u20098, ~3%). LMEM showed significantly higher levels in women than men with stable trajectories (estimate\u2009=\u2009177.03, t\u2009=\u20092.62, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u2009.01). A significant age-by-sex interaction (estimate\u2009=\u2009\u22120.067, t\u2009=\u2009\u22122.63, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u2009.01) suggested these differences varied over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex-specific longitudinal trajectories of clozapine concentrations showed declines in 60% of women aged 40-60, while most men remained stable. As decreasing blood levels could increase relapse vulnerability, monitoring clinical efficacy and side effects is warranted during menopause.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T11:44:03Z","timestamp":1759232643000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Trajectories of Clozapine Concentrations in Women Across Menopausal Age"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Franciska","family":"de Beer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Cognition, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AP Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0296-3969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris M H","family":"Hamers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Cognition, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AP Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michalina","family":"Prycka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Cognition, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AP Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3851-4117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Schoretsanitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich , CH 8032 Zurich ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, The Zucker Hillside Hospital , Glen Oaks, NY 11004 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0084-8226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiral S","family":"Gangadin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Cognition, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AP Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daan J","family":"Touw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AV Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9700 AD Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris E C","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Cognition, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , 9713 AP Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2025.2481891","article-title":"The influence of female sex and estrogens on drug pharmacokinetics: what is the evidence?","author":"Bosch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00178","article-title":"Age-specific serum total and free estradiol concentrations in healthy men in US nationally representative samples","volume":"3","author":"Chadid","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001568","article-title":"Baseline estrogen levels in postmenopausal women participating in the MAP.3 breast cancer chemoprevention trial","volume":"27","author":"Richardson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6106","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1374","article-title":"The relationship of longitudinal change in reproductive hormones and vasomotor symptoms during the menopausal transition","volume":"90","author":"Radolph","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolsm"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21155","article-title":"Sex differences need to be considered when treating women with psychotropic drugs","volume":"23","author":"Sommer","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2022.2106214","article-title":"Drug-drug interactions between psychotropic medications and oral contraceptives","volume":"18","author":"Schoretsanitis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00299","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.299","article-title":"In vitro analysis of factors influencing CYP1A2 expression as potential determinants of interindividual variation","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res Perspect"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.110.065540","article-title":"Regulation of CYP2C19 expression by estrogen receptor \u03b1: implications for estrogen-dependent inhibition of drug metabolism","volume":"78","author":"Mwinyi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000495","article-title":"No gender differences in the pharmacological emergency treatment of schizophrenia: results of a 21-year observation","volume":"39","author":"Edlinger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.177901","article-title":"The American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia","volume":"177","author":"Keepers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020934827","article-title":"Psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia: focus on guidelines","volume":"66","author":"Ventriglio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12742","article-title":"International trends in clozapine use: a study in 17 countries","volume":"136","author":"Bachmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12794","article-title":"Effects of age and gender on the serum levels of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and quetiapine","volume":"136","author":"Castberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000585","article-title":"A compilation of serum concentrations of 12 antipsychotic drugs in a therapeutic drug monitoring setting","volume":"41","author":"J\u00f6nsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v60n0108","article-title":"Effects of gender and age on plasma levels of clozapine and its metabolites: analyzed by critical statistics","volume":"60","author":"Chang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291721004591","article-title":"Antipsychotic medication for women with schizophrenia spectrum disorders","volume":"52","author":"Brand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.4.4.413","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in CYP450 isoforms in humans","volume":"4","author":"Scandlyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-116492","article-title":"Consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: update 2017","volume":"51","author":"Hiemke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.19cs13169","article-title":"Blood levels to optimize antipsychotic treatment in clinical practice: a joint consensus statement of the American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology and the therapeutic drug monitoring task force of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft f\u00fcr Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie","volume":"81","author":"Schoretsanitis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000645","article-title":"Sex differences in psychiatric hospitalizations of individuals with psychotic disorders","volume":"205","author":"Shlomi Polachek","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbac139","article-title":"Women with schizophrenia-Spectrum disorders after menopause: a vulnerable group for relapse","volume":"49","author":"Sommer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.5114\/pm.2023.126436","article-title":"The effect of menopausal symptoms on women\u2019s daily life activities","volume":"22","author":"Arar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Menopausal Rev"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010295","article-title":"Impact of menopausal symptoms on work: findings from women in the health and employment after fifty (HEAF) study","volume":"20","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.37979","article-title":"Understanding the impact of menopause on women with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a comprehensive review","volume":"15","author":"Tiwari","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9959-7","article-title":"The impact of menopause on health-related quality of life: results from the STRIDE longitudinal study","volume":"21","author":"Hess","year":"2012","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6962","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16607","article-title":"Sex and estradiol effects in the rodent dorsal striatum","volume":"60","author":"Lewitus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-021-03114-z","article-title":"Impact of age and gender on paliperidone exposure in patients after administration of long-acting injectable formulations\u2014an observational study using blood samples from 1223 patients","volume":"77","author":"Tveito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint13030044","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and clozapine: clinically relevant interactions and considerations","volume":"13","author":"Edinoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol Int"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref29","volume-title":"Zorginstituut Nederland. Venlafaxine. Farmacotherapeutischcompass"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5455\/bcp.20110815070413","article-title":"Increase in clozapine levels following the introduction of venlafaxine: a case report","volume":"22","author":"Dodge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050163","article-title":"Dose-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 by citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and paroxetine","volume":"51","author":"Jeppesen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13020148","article-title":"Assessing the mechanism of fluoxetine-mediated CYP2D6 inhibition","volume":"13","author":"Deodhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979584","article-title":"Carbamazepine-induced changes in plasma levels of neuroleptics","volume":"28","author":"Tiihonen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70035","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70035","article-title":"Effects of antiepileptic drugs, carbamazepine and phenytoin, on plasma concentrations of clozapine and its N-desmethyl and N -oxide metabolites in Japanese patients with schizophrenia","volume":"45","author":"Ikawa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Rep"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.113.052639","article-title":"Stereoselective inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 by fluoxetine and its metabolite: implications for risk assessment of multiple time-dependent inhibitor systems","volume":"41","author":"Lutz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2019-0037","article-title":"High levels of several antipsychotics and antidepressants due to a pharmacogenetic cause: a case report","volume":"20","author":"Mian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2111.05469","article-title":"Clustering of longitudinal data: a tutorial on a variety of approaches","author":"Teuling","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511754098","volume-title":"Quantile Regression","author":"Koenker","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","DOI":"10.32614\/R.manuals"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"lcmm: Extended Mixed Models Using Latent Classes and Latent Processes","author":"Proust-Lima","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.lcmm"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v078.i02","article-title":"Estimation of extended mixed models using latent classes and latent processes: the R package lcmm","volume":"78","author":"Proust-Lima","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13361","article-title":"Clozapine levels as a predictor for therapeutic response: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"144","author":"Siskind","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2019.1617695","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the clinical utility of and a combined analysis of the clozapine\/norclozapine ratio in therapeutic drug monitoring for adult patients","volume":"12","author":"Schoretsanitis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.02852.x","article-title":"Gender, age, smoking behaviour and plasma clozapine concentrations in 193 Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia","volume":"64","author":"Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12101342","article-title":"The effect of menopause on antipsychotic response","volume":"12","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.120064","article-title":"Daily dosing frequency as a determinant of clozapine concentration-to-dose ratio: data from a therapeutic drug monitoring service (2019\u20132022)","volume":"566","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3182118318","article-title":"Age and sex impact clozapine plasma concentrations in inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Ismail","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2019.01.007","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease in adults with schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"58","author":"Tzur Bitan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-023-01599-8","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and severe mental illness: a scoping review","volume":"36","author":"Carswell","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000106221.36344.4d","article-title":"Influence of dose, cigarette smoking, age, sex, and metabolic activity on plasma clozapine concentrations: a predictive model and nomograms to aid clozapine dose adjustment and to assess compliance in individual patients","volume":"24","author":"Rostami-Hodjegan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13228","article-title":"Impact of smoking behavior on clozapine blood levels \u2013 a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"142","author":"Wagner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(03)00061-0","article-title":"Smoking impact on CYP1A2 activity in a group of patients with schizophrenia","volume":"14","author":"Bozikas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004216","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004216","article-title":"Meta-analysis: the effects of smoking on the disposition of two commonly used antipsychotic agents, olanzapine and clozapine","volume":"4","author":"Tsuda","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00531-3","article-title":"Relationship between patient variables and plasma clozapine concentrations: a dosing nomogram","volume":"44","author":"Perry","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.20054","article-title":"Kidney function decline improves after lithium discontinuation","volume":"297","author":"Fransson","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000084026.22282.5f","article-title":"Tolerability and efficacy of clozapine combined with lithium in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder","volume":"23","author":"Small","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026032106213887200_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.53680\/vertex.v35i164.550","article-title":"Prescripci\u00f3n ambulatoria de clozapina en Colombia: factores relacionados con el uso de dosis inferiores a 100 mg\/d\u00eda [Outpatient prescription of clozapine in Colombia: factors related to the use of doses lower than 100 mg\/day]","volume":"35","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00edaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vertex"}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/52\/2\/sbaf186\/65006486\/sbaf186.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/52\/2\/sbaf186\/65006486\/sbaf186.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T10:21:42Z","timestamp":1774088502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf186\/8305351"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf186","relation":{},"ISSN":["0586-7614","1745-1701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0586-7614","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-1701","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"article-number":"sbaf186"}}