{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:51:38Z","timestamp":1791435098648,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are typically described using positive and negative symptoms, yet standard diagnostic systems may not reflect the full range of how individuals experience the disorder. We hypothesized that synthesizing first-person accounts would yield a broader, clinically useful symptom framework that better represents lived experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis following Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251069446). PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched up to January 2026. Eligible studies used qualitative or mixed methods and reported first-person accounts from individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We included 52 peer-reviewed studies (2856 participants). We conducted two thematic syntheses: (1) general illness experience and (2) symptom experience organized using the Manual for Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology in Psychiatry framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across illness experience, five themes emerged: pervasive effects on physical, psychological, social, and relational life; stigma and isolation; interactions with medication, clinicians, and services; disruption and fragmentation of self, reality, and meaning; and coping strategies, including the protective role of social support. Across symptom experience, fear recurred across psychotic and non-psychotic domains, and participants often described psychosis as a transformed experience of reality rather than discrete symptoms. Accounts spanned disturbances in consciousness, perception, thinking, cognition, affect, and behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lived experience highlights marked heterogeneity that extends beyond traditional symptom dichotomies and is only partly captured by current diagnostic frameworks. Incorporating patient-reported perspectives may support more nuanced, person-centered assessment and evaluation of treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbag122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:32:17Z","timestamp":1781613137000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reconceptualizing Schizophrenia through a Patient-Oriented Perspective: a Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4923-9301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia Francesca","family":"Aprile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences, Section of Psychology, University of Catania , 95124 Catania ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich , Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Rodolico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich , Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for Mental Health, DZPG, partner site M\u00fcnchen\/Augsburg , 80336 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania , 95123 Catania ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djordje","family":"Basic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich , Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , 1081 BT Amsterdam ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerem","family":"B\u00f6ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Mental Health, DZPG, partner site Berlin , 10099 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, and Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health , 12203 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Medical University Brandenburg\u2014Theodor Fontane , 16816 Neuruppin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"B\u00fchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich , 80802 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7254-5646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph U","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , 13353 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell , Hempstead, NY 11549 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health System , Glen Oaks, NY 11004 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Cutuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania , 95123 Catania 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Augsburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Lanzafame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania , 95123 Catania ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Priller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich , Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for Mental Health, DZPG, partner site M\u00fcnchen\/Augsburg , 80336 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Edinburgh Medical School, UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh , Chancellor\u2019s Building, Edinburgh EH16 4SB ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Chancellor\u2019s Building, Edinburgh EH16 4SB ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin and DZNE , 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian Nikolaus","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg , 68159 Mannheim ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg , 68159 Mannheim ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Salvina","family":"Signorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania , 95123 Catania 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