{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:13:14Z","timestamp":1792447994946,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,28]],"date-time":"2017-05-28T15:06:27Z","timestamp":1495983987000},"page":"1021-1026","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Aggressive Behavior Among Persons With Schizophrenia and Those Who Are Developing Schizophrenia: Attempting to Understand the Limited Evidence on Causality"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Sheilagh","family":"Hodgins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1776","article-title":"A breakthrough in schizophrenia genetics","volume":"71","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30406-0","article-title":"Schizophrenia risk alleles and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood: a population-based cohort study","volume":"4","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn084","article-title":"The antecedents of schizophrenia: a review of birth cohort studies","volume":"35","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711001693","article-title":"Meta-analyses of cognitive and motor function in youth aged 16 years and younger who subsequently develop schizophrenia","volume":"42","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/20.3.441","article-title":"Neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia","volume":"20","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0006","first-page":"329","article-title":"Violence among people with schizophrenia: phenotypes and neurobiology","volume":"17","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Top Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.4.716","article-title":"Criminal offending in schizophrenia over a 25-year period marked by deinstitutionalization and increasing prevalence of comorbid substance use disorders","volume":"161","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.11.026","article-title":"Violence in first-episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.2445","article-title":"Pathways to violent behavior during first-episode psychosis: a report from the UK National EDEN Study","volume":"70","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn144","article-title":"Rates of homicide during the first episode of psychosis and after treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbi015","article-title":"Violence of young criminals predicts schizophrenia: a 9-year register-based follow up of 15- to 19-year-old criminals","volume":"31","year":"2005","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3041","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716001781","article-title":"Individuals developing schizophrenia are hidden among adolescent substance misusers","volume":"46","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0034","article-title":"Violent behaviour among people with schizophrenia: a framework for investigations of causes, and effective treatment, and prevention","volume":"363","year":"2008","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2010.00256.x","article-title":"Criminal offending and distinguishing features of offenders among persons experiencing a first episode of psychosis","volume":"5","year":"2011","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707002164","article-title":"From conduct disorder to severe mental illness: associations with aggressive behaviour, crime and victimization","volume":"38","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.05.021","article-title":"The consequences of conduct disorder for males who develop schizophrenia: associations with criminality, aggressive behavior, substance use, and psychiatric services","volume":"78","year":"2005","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-007-9095-7","article-title":"Alternative pathways to violence in persons with schizophrenia: the role of childhood antisocial behavior problems","volume":"32","year":"2008","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007132","article-title":"The correlates of comorbid antisocial personality disorder in schizophrenia","volume":"30","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.042630","article-title":"Comparison of antipsychotic medication effects on reducing violence in people with schizophrenia","volume":"193","author":"CATIE Investigators","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs115","article-title":"Structural brain alterations associated with schizophrenia preceded by conduct disorder: a common and distinct subtype of schizophrenia?","volume":"39","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0021","article-title":"Neural mechanisms underlying affective theory of mind in violent antisocial personality disorder and\/or schizophrenia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370905400403","article-title":"Childhood disruptive behaviour disorders: review of their origin, development, and prevention","volume":"54","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.3.442","article-title":"Impairment in the specificity of emotion processing in schizophrenia","volume":"163","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.039784","article-title":"Facial affect recognition in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis","volume":"192","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.028829","article-title":"Emotion recognition and genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia","volume":"191","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.105.018150","article-title":"Attention to the eyes and fear-recognition deficits in child psychopathy","volume":"189","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20120","article-title":"The relationship between history of violent and criminal behavior and recognition of facial expression of emotions in men with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder","volume":"32","year":"2006","journal-title":"Agress Behav"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0028","article-title":"Affect recognition impairments and violence in schizophrenia: a first application of the training of affect recognition (TAR) to offenders suffering from schizophrenia","volume":"259","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.07.013","article-title":"Emotional information processing in violent patients with schizophrenia: association with psychopathy and symptomatology","volume":"141","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153631","article-title":"Development and etiology of disruptive and delinquent behavior","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.115.2.309","article-title":"When parents have a history of conduct disorder: how is the caregiving environment affected?","volume":"115","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0032","first-page":"568","article-title":"Childhood trauma and psychotic disorders: a systematic, critical review of the evidence","volume":"34","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(87)90089-6","article-title":"The significance of genetic factors in the etiology of schizophrenia: results from the national study of adoptees in Denmark","volume":"21","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.06.002","article-title":"Blunted cortisol awakening response in men with first episode psychosis: relationship to parental bonding","volume":"38","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.12.028","article-title":"Childhood trauma, antisocial personality typologies and recent violent acts among inpatient males with severe mental illness: exploring an explanatory pathway","volume":"162","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsw120","article-title":"Ventral striatum and amygdala activity as convergence sites for early adversity and conduct disorder","volume":"12","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.013","article-title":"The neural diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia revisited: an update on recent findings considering illness stage and neurobiological and methodological complexities","volume":"73","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.3.459","article-title":"Gender differences in violent behaviors: relationship to clinical symptoms and psychosocial factors","volume":"161","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60379-2","article-title":"Antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and risk of violent crime","volume":"384","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13010134","article-title":"Association of violence with emergence of persecutory delusions in untreated schizophrenia","volume":"171","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2010.09.006","article-title":"Violence and phases of illness: differential risk and predictors","volume":"26","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0042","first-page":"133","article-title":"Prediction of inpatient violence","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.12","article-title":"The relationship between delusions and violence: findings from the East London first episode psychosis study","volume":"70","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0460-8","article-title":"Experiences of victimisation and depression are associated with community functioning among men with schizophrenia","volume":"44","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.540","article-title":"The antecedents of aggressive behavior among men with schizophrenia: a prospective investigation of patients in community treatment","volume":"21","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav Sci Law"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854805276407","article-title":"Antisocial personality, psychopathy, and violence in persons with dual disorders: a longitudinal analysis","volume":"32","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crim Justice Behav"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs050","article-title":"Childhood adversities increase the risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of patient-control, prospective- and cross-sectional cohort studies","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000838","article-title":"Measuring adolescents\u2019 exposure to victimization: the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study","volume":"27","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.1349","article-title":"Triggers for violent criminality in patients with psychotic disorders","volume":"73","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13595","article-title":"Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci","volume":"511","author":"Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0051","article-title":"Genotypes do not confer risk for delinquency but rather alter susceptibility to positive and negative environmental factors: gene\u2013environment interactions of BDNF Val66Met, 5-HTTLPR, and MAOA-uVNTR [corrected]","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2016.02.013","article-title":"The role of MAO in personality and drug use","volume":"69","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.05.004","article-title":"MAOA, childhood maltreatment, and antisocial behavior: meta-analysis of a gene\u2013environment interaction","volume":"75","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.052","article-title":"FKBP5 interacts with maltreatment in children with extreme, pervasive, and persistent aggression","volume":"242","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2009.11.011","article-title":"Criminal victimization and comorbid substance use and psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the NESARC","volume":"20","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.11.025","article-title":"Pre-morbid conduct disorder symptoms are associated with cannabis use among individuals with a first episode of psychosis","volume":"126","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000115","article-title":"The theory of latent vulnerability: reconceptualizing the link between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorder","volume":"27","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.184","article-title":"Genetic and environmental determinants of violence risk in psychotic disorders: a multivariate quantitative genetic study of 1.8 million Swedish twins and siblings","volume":"21","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0059","article-title":"Genetic overlap between schizophrenia and developmental psychopathology: longitudinal and multivariate risk prediction of common psychiatric traits during development","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.140099","article-title":"Genetic and early environmental influences on the serotonin system: consequences for brain development and risk for psychopathology","volume":"40","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0061","first-page":"362","article-title":"Comprehensive versus usual community care for first-episode psychosis: 2-year outcomes from the NIMH RAISE early treatment Program","volume":"173","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0062","article-title":"Antisocial and aggressive behaviour among persons with schizophrenia: evidence and propositions for prevention","volume-title":"What Works in Violence Risk Management: Theory, Research and Practice"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0063","first-page":"1","article-title":"A systematic review of prevention and intervention strategies for populations at high risk of engaging in violent behaviour: update 2002\u20138","volume":"16","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.09.078","article-title":"History of offending behavior in first episode psychosis patients: a marker of specific clinical needs and a call for early detection strategies among young offenders","volume":"161","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2012.00372.x","article-title":"Managing risks of violence in a youth mental health service: a service model description","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170902070455_CIT0066","article-title":"Psychotic experiences in the context of police victimization: data from the survey of police-public encounters","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/43\/5\/1021\/19682908\/sbx079.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T01:45:37Z","timestamp":1569375937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article\/43\/5\/1021\/3866678\/Aggressive-Behavior-Among-Persons-With"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbx079","relation":{},"ISSN":["0586-7614","1745-1701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0586-7614","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-1701","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]]}}}