{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T11:06:10Z","timestamp":1768647970683,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MH65304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH65304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 MH108822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 MH108822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 MH085100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 MH085100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"VA Merit CSR&D","award":["IIR-04-212-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIR-04-212-3"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Auditory encoding abnormalities, gray-matter loss, and cognitive deficits are all candidate schizophrenia (SZ) endophenotypes. This study evaluated associations between and heritability of auditory network attributes (function and structure) and attention in healthy controls (HC), SZ patients, and unaffected relatives (UR).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whole-brain maps of M100 auditory activity from magnetoencephalography recordings, cortical thickness (CT), and a measure of attention were obtained from 70 HC, 69 SZ patients, and 35 UR. Heritability estimates (h2r) were obtained for M100, CT at each group-difference region, and the attention measure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SZ patients had weaker bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) M100 responses than HC and a weaker right frontal M100 response than UR. Abnormally large M100 responses in left superior frontal gyrus were observed in UR and SZ patients. SZ patients showed smaller CT in bilateral STG and right frontal regions. Interrelatedness between 3 putative SZ endophenotypes was demonstrated, although in the left STG the M100 and CT function\u2212structure associations observed in HC and UR were absent in SZ patients. Heritability analyses also showed that right frontal M100 and bilateral STG CT measures are significantly heritable.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Present findings indicated that the 3 SZ endophenotypes examined are not isolated markers of pathology but instead are connected. The pattern of auditory encoding group differences and the pattern of brain function\u2212structure associations differ as a function of brain region, indicating the need for regional specificity when studying these endophenotypes, and with the presence of left STG function\u2212structure associations in HC and UR but not in SZ perhaps reflecting disease-associated damage to gray matter that disrupts function\u2212structure relationships in SZ.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]],"date-time":"2018-07-18T16:50:55Z","timestamp":1531932655000},"page":"859-870","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Associations and Heritability of Auditory Encoding, Gray Matter, and Attention in Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yu-Han","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Breannan","family":"Howell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J Christopher","family":"Edgar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingxiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kochunov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, The University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Hunter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Wootton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett Y","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Bustillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph R","family":"Sadek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Research, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M","family":"Ca\u00f1ive","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"},{"name":"Psychiatry Research, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Raymond G. 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