{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T22:07:15Z","timestamp":1780351635583,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"University of New South Wales School of Psychiatry"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012769","name":"Neuroscience Research Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute"},{"name":"NSW Ministry of Health and the Macquarie Group Foundation"},{"name":"Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank"},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012188","name":"Pratt Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ramsay Health Care, and the Viertel Charitable Foundation"},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship","award":["#1021970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1021970"]}]},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship","award":["628386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["628386"]}]},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Career Development Fellowship","award":["#1127700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1127700"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Childhood adversity, such as physical, sexual, and verbal abuse, as well as neglect and family conflict, is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Such adversity can lead to disruptions of cognitive function during development, undermining intellectual capabilities and academic achievement. Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with cognitive impairments that may become evident during childhood. The Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank database comprises a large community cohort (N = 1169) in which we previously identified 3 distinct cognitive groups among people with schizophrenia: (1) Compromised, current, and estimated premorbid cognitive impairment; (2) Deteriorated, substantial decline from estimated premorbid function; and (3) Preserved, performing in the normal cognitive range without decline. The compromised group displayed the worst functional and symptom outcomes. Here, we extend our previous work by assessing the relationship among these categories of cognitive abilities and reported childhood adversity in 836 patients and healthy controls. Exploratory factor analysis of the Childhood Adversity Questionnaire revealed 3 factors (lack of parental involvement; overt abuse; family breakdown and hardship). People with schizophrenia reported significantly more childhood adversity than healthy controls on all items and factors. People with schizophrenia in the compromised group reported significantly more lack of parental involvement and family breakdown and hardship and lower socioeconomic status than those in the deteriorated group. The cognitive groups were not related to family history of psychosis. These findings identify specific social and family factors that impact cognition, highlighting the important role of these factors in the development of cognitive and functional abilities in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbz033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T23:22:17Z","timestamp":1555543337000},"page":"140-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Impact of Childhood Adversity on Cognitive Development in Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Wells","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Jacomb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaidy","family":"Swaminathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"},{"name":"Mental Health Program, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia"},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Sundram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"},{"name":"Mental Health Program, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia"},{"name":"Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Bruggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Cropley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhoshel K","family":"Lenroot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avril M","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"},{"name":"Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Zalesky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad","family":"Bousman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Pantelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia"},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia Shannon","family":"Weickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas W","family":"Weickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2009-2","article-title":"Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature","volume":"214","author":"Pechtel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181925342","article-title":"Early adverse experiences in schizophrenia and unipolar depression","volume":"197","author":"Rubino","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712000785","article-title":"Childhood adversity in schizophrenia: a systematic meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Matheson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.01.023","article-title":"Relationship between childhood adversity and clinical and cognitive features in schizophrenia","volume":"46","author":"McCabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709990464","article-title":"Neuropsychological findings in childhood neglect and their relationships to pediatric PTSD","volume":"15","author":"De Bellis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00634.x","article-title":"Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: a literature review with theoretical and clinical implications","volume":"112","author":"Read","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080499","article-title":"Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"197","author":"Kessler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/15289168.2011.575704","article-title":"Trauma and ADHD\u2014association or diagnostic confusion? A clinical perspective","volume":"10","author":"Szymanski","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infant Child Adolesc Psychother."},{"issue":"9","key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.9.907","article-title":"Cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia displaying preserved and compromised intellect","volume":"57","author":"Weickert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15043","DOI":"10.1038\/npjschz.2015.43","article-title":"The impact of premorbid and current intellect in schizophrenia: cognitive, symptom, and functional outcomes","volume":"1","author":"Wells","year":"2015","journal-title":"NPJ Schizophr."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0001-690X.2003.00217.x","article-title":"Childhood abuse as a risk factor for psychotic experiences","volume":"109","author":"Janssen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.3.220","article-title":"Psychosis, victimisation and childhood disadvantage: evidence from the Second British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity","volume":"185","author":"Bebbington","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.155","article-title":"Schizophrenia is a cognitive illness: time for a change in focus","volume":"70","author":"Kahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579403000166","article-title":"Domestic violence is associated with environmental suppression of IQ in young children","volume":"15","author":"Koenen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.01.005","article-title":"The effects of child abuse and neglect on cognitive functioning in adulthood","volume":"46","author":"Gould","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2003.09.011","article-title":"The brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia: reliability, sensitivity, and comparison with a standard neurocognitive battery","volume":"68","author":"Keefe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.91","article-title":"Meta-analysis of 41 functional neuroimaging studies of executive function in schizophrenia","volume":"66","author":"Minzenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e356","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2013.125","article-title":"Common polymorphisms in dopamine-related genes combine to produce a \u2018schizophrenia-like\u2019 prefrontal hypoactivity","volume":"4","author":"Vercammen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0019","first-page":"15: 71","article-title":"Neuroscience perspectives on disparities in school readiness and cognitive achievement","author":"Noble","year":"2005","journal-title":"Future Child."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.06.013","article-title":"Early-life stress is associated with impairment in cognitive control in adolescence: an fMRI study","volume":"48","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.75","article-title":"Disambiguating ventral striatum fMRI-related BOLD signal during reward prediction in schizophrenia","volume":"17","author":"Morris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4341-08.2009","article-title":"Neural correlates of probabilistic category learning in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"29","author":"Weickert","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01459-2","article-title":"Brain structures in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a sociodemographically matched study","volume":"52","author":"De Bellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00007-1","article-title":"The neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment","volume":"27","author":"Teicher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.03.014","article-title":"A meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia","volume":"129","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.157.1.16","article-title":"Meta-analysis of regional brain volumes in schizophrenia","volume":"157","author":"Wright","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.01.029","article-title":"Prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar gray matter networks and executive functioning in schizophrenia","volume":"93","author":"R\u00fcsch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and neural development: deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience","volume":"47","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.64.4.319.18602","article-title":"The contribution of early traumatic events to schizophrenia in some patients: a traumagenic neurodevelopmental model","volume":"64","author":"Read","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00060","article-title":"Rethinking schizophrenia in the context of normal neurodevelopment","volume":"7","author":"Catts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbw177","article-title":"Evidence that the impact of childhood trauma on IQ is substantial in controls, moderate in siblings, and absent in patients with psychotic disorder","volume":"43","author":"van Os","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0032","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Australian schizophrenia research bank: a database of comprehensive clinical, endophenotypic and genetic data for aetiological studies of schizophrenia","volume":"44","author":"Loughland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291705005969","article-title":"The diagnostic interview for psychoses (DIP): development, reliability and applications","volume":"36","author":"Castle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700002609","article-title":"Preserved reading and spelling ability in psychotic disorders","volume":"16","author":"Dalby","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0035","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale\u2014Third Edition and Wechsler Memory Scale\u2014Third Edition Technical Manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"1997"},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390701300524","article-title":"Measuring premorbid IQ in traumatic brain injury: an examination of the validity of the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR)","volume":"30","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.20.3.310.823","article-title":"The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS): preliminary clinical validity","volume":"20","author":"Randolph","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2003.10.009","article-title":"Brief cognitive assessment in schizophrenia: normative data for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status","volume":"70","author":"Wilk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0802-0","article-title":"Childhood adversity in an Australian population","volume":"39","author":"Rosenman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn100","article-title":"The relationship between IQ, memory, executive function, and processing speed in recent-onset psychosis: 1-year stability and clinical outcome","volume":"36","author":"Leeson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2004.05.002","article-title":"Dimensions of intelligence in schizophrenia: evidence from patients with preserved, deteriorated and compromised intellect","volume":"39","author":"Badcock","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2006.03.041","article-title":"Are deficits in executive sub-processes simply reflecting more general cognitive decline in schizophrenia?","volume":"85","author":"Donohoe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.6.516","article-title":"Cognitive heterogeneity in first-episode schizophrenia","volume":"187","author":"Joyce","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(90)90077-7","article-title":"Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors","volume":"14","author":"Finkelhor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v05n02_06","article-title":"Cognitive and emotional components of generalized empathy deficits in child molesters","volume":"5","author":"Marshall","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Child Sex Abus."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.15.3.355","article-title":"Children of divorce in the 1990s: an update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Amato","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0048","first-page":"50: 797","article-title":"The impact of parental divorce on children\u2019s educational attainment, marital timing, and likelihood of divorce","author":"Keith","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135233","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and child development","volume":"53","author":"Bradley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.11.003","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and the developing brain","volume":"13","author":"Hackman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsj029","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure and ability, academic achievement, and school functioning in adolescence: a longitudinal follow-up","volume":"31","author":"Howell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(98)00107-X","article-title":"Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: differential diagnosis in childhood sexual abuse","volume":"20","author":"Weinstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3109\/08039488.2014.892151","article-title":"Psychosis in adulthood is associated with high rates of ADHD and CD problems during childhood","volume":"68","author":"Dalteg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nord J Psychiatry."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61706-7","article-title":"Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries","volume":"373","author":"Gilbert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1332\/174426416X14742825885830","article-title":"Translating research about domestic and family violence into practice in Australia: possibilities and prospects","volume":"13","author":"Tarzia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.1.127","article-title":"Reducing conduct problems among children brought to women\u2019s shelters: intervention effects 24 months following termination of services","volume":"20","author":"McDonald","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040600582577","article-title":"Comparative utility of Barona Formulae, Wtar demographic algorithms, and WRAT-3 reading for estimating premorbid ability in a diverse research sample","volume":"21","author":"Ball","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol."},{"key":"2020010404180491100_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.9.1.34","article-title":"Accuracy of adult recollections of childhood victimization, part 2: childhood sexual abuse","volume":"9","author":"Widom","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/140\/31709060\/sbz033.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/140\/31709060\/sbz033.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,4]],"date-time":"2020-01-04T04:19:43Z","timestamp":1578111583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/schizophreniabulletin\/article\/46\/1\/140\/5485213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbz033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0586-7614","1745-1701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0586-7614","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-1701","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]]}}}