{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:09:49Z","timestamp":1789754989713,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V106B-020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V106B-020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V107B-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V107B-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V107C-181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V107C-181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V107C-052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V107C-052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-075-063-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Young people are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The risk of STIs in young people following first-episode schizophrenia is unknown. This study using Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance Research Database enrolled 44 109 adolescents and young adults with first-episode schizophrenia and 176 436 age- and sex-matched controls without schizophrenia from 2001 through 2009 and followed to the end of 2011. New-onset STIs were identified. Survival analysis was performed. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the effects of comorbid substance use disorder (SUD), schizophrenia medications, and schizophrenia severity. The E value for causality of evidence was calculated. We found that young people had a higher risk of STIs following first-episode schizophrenia compared with controls without schizophrenia (hazard ratio [HR]\u2005=\u20052.35, 95% CI\u2005=\u20052.08\u20132.64); these STIs included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (3.70, 2.60\u20135.28) and syphilis (5.35, 3.96\u20137.23). They also showed a disproportionate distribution of STIs, with an increased proportion of syphilis (20.4% vs 8.2%) and HIV (9.1% vs 6.0%). When presenting with SUD, the risks of HIV (11.00, 7.02\u201317.25) and syphilis (9.11, 6.16\u201313.47) were further increased. The severe schizophrenia group had an extremely high risk of syphilis (41.26, 27.69\u201361.47) and HIV (7.50, 3.85\u201314.62). Schizophrenia medications may provide beneficial effects against contracting STIs (0.77, 0.68\u20130.89). We concluded that following first-episode schizophrenia, young patients are at higher risk of STIs, particularly HIV and syphilis. The risk further increased when subjects presented with SUD or severe schizophrenia. Importantly, antipsychotic treatment may lower the risk of STIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbz126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T20:09:48Z","timestamp":1574971788000},"page":"795-803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["The Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections Following First-Episode Schizophrenia Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Cohort Study of 220 545 Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-5586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Sung","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Mei","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nai-Ying","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan-Te","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ta-Chuan","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzeng-Ji","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2020070810443594700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002481","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002481","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infections\u2014research priorities for new challenges","volume":"14","author":"Low","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS 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