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Oxidative stress and inflammation involving histone deacetylase (HDAC) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Sulforaphane has antioxidant properties and is an HDAC inhibitor. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of sulforaphane on cognition dysfunction for patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This double-blind randomized 22-week trial of patients with first-episode schizophrenia was conducted in four psychiatric institutions in China. Patients were randomized to three groups (two doses of sulforaphane vs. placebo) and symptomatic and cognitive assessments were completed at multiple times. The primary outcome measure was change in the MATRICS Composite score. The secondary outcomes were change in MATRICS Domain scores, PANSS Total Scores and change in side-effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 172 patients were randomized and 151 patients had at least one follow up evaluation. There were no significant effects of sulforaphane, on the primary outcome, MATRICS overall composite score. However, on secondary outcomes, sulforaphane did significantly improve performance scores on MATRICS battery Domains of spatial working memory (F = 5.68, P = 0.004), reasoning-problem solving (F = 2.82, P = 0.063), and verbal learning (F = 3.56, P = 0.031). There were no effects on PANSS symptom scores. Sulforaphane was well tolerated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the primary outcome was not significant, improvement in three domains of the MATRICS battery, suggests a positive cognitive effect on some cognitive functions, which warrants further clinical trials to further assess whether sulforaphane may be a useful adjunct for treating some types of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/schizbullopen\/sgac024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:08:47Z","timestamp":1646482127000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Sulforaphane Effects on Cognition and Symptoms in First and Early Episode Schizophrenia: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2978-9423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gangrui","family":"Hei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders; Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nathan S. 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China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders; Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders; Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders; Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Cadenhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego and Psychiatric Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; 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