{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T21:57:51Z","timestamp":1788904671658,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Psoriasis is a prevalent skin disorder affecting approximately 2\u20133% of the population in the USA. Its complex and varied presentations necessitate a diverse range of available therapeutic options. While topical corticosteroid therapy is conventionally employed as first-line treatment, long-term usage increases the risk of adverse events, prompting the consideration of alternatives including steroid-sparing agents such as vitamin D. In this article, we review literature from topical and oral vitamin D trials for the treatment of psoriasis. Topically, vitamin D analogues have been well established as an effective long-term treatment, particularly when used in combination with other therapies. Moreover, combination therapy with immunomodulators such as apremilast and methotrexate has shown promise as well. Conversely, oral vitamin D supplementation trials have yielded more inconsistent results, with some supplementation clinical trials showing significant psoriasis resolution and others showing no significant changes in psoriasis outcome. Vitamin D deficiency status, seasonal variation and body mass index were factors that may have modulated the therapeutic effect of vitamin D supplementation. Further study combining vitamin D supplementation with pre-existing treatments may also augment the effect of monotherapy. Studies on the synergistic effects of combination therapies with oral vitamin D or the development of foam-based or microneedle drug delivery systems may be promising next steps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/skinhd\/vzaf010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T15:58:09Z","timestamp":1745337489000},"page":"178-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Oral and topical vitamin D treatment strategies in psoriasis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Mai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Lazaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima N","family":"Mirza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen H","family":"Costenbader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abrar A","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6594-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health , Providence, RI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025062702352734700_vzaf010-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32549-6","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"397","author":"Griffiths","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025062702352734700_vzaf010-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000131424","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Nestle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Dir Autoimmun"},{"key":"2025062702352734700_vzaf010-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.2007","article-title":"Psoriasis prevalence in adults in the United States","volume":"157","author":"Armstrong","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA 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