{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:10:52Z","timestamp":1791940252477,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.3.327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,5]],"date-time":"2017-02-05T15:41:35Z","timestamp":1486309295000},"page":"327-333","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Central Sleep Apnea Indicates Autonomic Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: A Potential Marker of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Risk"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Sven","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Hagemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otto W.","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.4.486","article-title":"Early clinical differentiation of cerebral infarction from severe atherosclerotic stenosis and cardioembolism","volume":"23","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-196507000-00007","article-title":"Atherosclerosis of carotid and vertebral arteries-extracranial and intracranial","volume":"24","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(79)90374-X","article-title":"Development of carotid plaque","volume":"138","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b4","first-page":"1195","article-title":"Plasticity of central chemoreceptors: Effect of bilateral carotid body resection on central C02 sensitivity","volume":"4","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.2003.01083.x","article-title":"Chemoreflexes-physiology and clinical implications","volume":"177","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R815","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00051.2002","article-title":"Arterial baroreflex function and cardiovascular variability: interactions and implications","volume":"283","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.2.251","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamic impairment - Methods of measurement and association with stroke risk","volume":"53","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000162717.62684.40","article-title":"Asymptomatic embolization detected by Dop-pler ultrasound predicts stroke risk in symptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"36","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b9","first-page":"176","article-title":"The link between carotid artery disease and ischemic stroke may be partially attributable to autonomic dysfunction and failure of cerebrovascular autoregulation triggered by Darwinian maladapta-tion of the carotid baroreceptors and chemoreceptors","volume":"66","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000177890.30065.cb","article-title":"Baroreflex sensitivity is impaired in bilateral carotid atherosclerosis","volume":"36","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000058493.94875.9F","article-title":"Cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity predicts long-term outcome after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"34","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)11144-8","article-title":"Baroreflex sensitivity and heart-rate variability in prediction of total cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction","volume":"351","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90390-2","article-title":"Comparison of baroreflex sensitivity and heart period variability after myocardial infarction","volume":"14","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00303-8","article-title":"Ventilatory response to exercise correlates with impaired heart rate variability in patients with chronic congestive heart failure","volume":"82","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.6.2002024","article-title":"Peripheral and central ventilatory responses in central sleep apnea with and without congestive heart failure","volume":"162","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b16","article-title":"Central sleep apnea is associated with blunted baroreflex sensitivity in patients with myocardial infarction","volume-title":"Int J Cardiol","year":"2007"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000049641.11675.EE","article-title":"Central sleep apnea in left ventricular dysfunction - Prevalence and implications for arrhythmic risk","volume":"107","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1956.187.2.395","article-title":"Basic oscillating mechanism of cheyne-stokes breathing","volume":"187","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2005.10.003","article-title":"Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnoea in chronic heart failure: Proposals for a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy","volume":"10","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b20","first-page":"1235","article-title":"MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70\u201399%) or with mild (0\u201329%) carotid stenosis. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group","volume-title":"Lancet","year":"1991"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b21","article-title":"A manual of standardized terminology: techniques and scoring systems for sleep stages of human subjects","volume-title":"Los Angeles, UCLA, Brain Information Service\/Brain Research Institute","year":"1968"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/15.2.173","article-title":"EEG arousals: scoring rules and examples: a preliminary report from the Sleep Disorders Atlas Task Force of the American Sleep Disorders Association","volume":"15","author":"ASDA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.4.499","article-title":"Practice parameters for the indications for polysomnography and related procedures: An update for 2005","volume":"28","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","article-title":"Heart rate variability - Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use","volume":"93","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.482","article-title":"Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain","volume":"84","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00199-3","article-title":"Detection and significance of a discrete very low frequency rhythm in RR interval variability in chronic congestive heart failure","volume":"77","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.24.2418","article-title":"Oscillatory breathing patterns during wakefulness in patients with chronic heart failure-Clinical implications and role of augmented peripheral chemosensitivity","volume":"100","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1159\/000070595","article-title":"Noninvasive assessment of spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in patients with carotid stenosis","volume":"16","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2004.12.068","article-title":"Sleep disorders in systolic heart failure: A prospective study of 100 male patients","volume":"106","year":"2006","journal-title":"The final report. Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2109080","article-title":"Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea- A population health perspective","volume":"165","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.21.2154","article-title":"Sleep apnea in 81 ambulatory male patients with stable heart failure - types and their prevalences, consequences, and presentations","volume":"97","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(81)90050-4","article-title":"Abnormalities of pulmonary-artery wedge pressures in sleep-induced apnea","volume":"1","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.89.3.331","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac index","volume":"89","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00030004","article-title":"Changes in extracranial arteries in obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"25","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711380303","article-title":"Structure of the glomic arteries","volume":"138","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10073","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1734109100","article-title":"Induction of sensory long-term facilitation in the carotid body by intermittent hypoxia: Implications for recurrent apneas","volume":"100","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.6.8520761","article-title":"Hypocapnia and increased ventilatory responsiveness in patients with idiopathic central sleep apnea","volume":"152","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b38","first-page":"A1268","article-title":"Reduced blood flow in carotid arteries is a trigger contributing to peripheral chemoreflex hypersensitivity in chronic heart failure rabbits","volume":"21","year":"2007","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.3.1004","article-title":"Adenosine infusion and periodic breathing during sleep","volume":"72","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.8.2586","article-title":"Augmented peripheral chemosensitivity as a potential input to baroreflex impairment and autonomic imbalance in chronic heart failure","volume":"96","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.1.246","article-title":"Abnormal awake respiratory patterns are common in chronic heart failure and may prevent evaluation of autonomic tone by measures of heart rate variability","volume":"96","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.11.1509","article-title":"Sleep apnea in heart failure increases heart rate variability and sympathetic dominance","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1975.39.3.411","article-title":"Effect of baroreceptor activity on ventilatory response to chemoreceptor stimulation","volume":"39","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115221","article-title":"Interaction of baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex control of sympathetic-nerve activity in normal humans","volume":"87","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009861","article-title":"Role of solitary and paramedian reticular nuclei in mediating cardiovascular reflex responses from carotid baroreceptors and chemoreceptors","volume":"223","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Physiol-London"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.2.7633695","article-title":"Effects of nasal CPAP on sympathetic activity in patients with heart-failure and central sleep apnea","volume":"152","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000056520.17353.4F","article-title":"Raised sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure and central sleep apnea is due to heart failure severity","volume":"107","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00462-2","article-title":"Association between hemodynamic impairment and Cheyne-Stokes respiration and periodic breathing in chronic stable congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"84","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.4.1119","article-title":"Impact of sleep apnea on sympathetic nervous system activity in heart failure","volume":"123","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328012da60","article-title":"Asymptomatic carotid stenosis: what to do","volume":"20","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032209_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1161\/hc3101.093699","article-title":"Peripheral chemoreceptor hyper-sensitivity-an ominous sign in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"104","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Sleep"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/33\/3\/327\/13665213\/sleep-33-3-327.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T15:07:20Z","timestamp":1658588840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/33.3.327"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/33.3.327","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-9109","0161-8105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-9109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0161-8105","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}