{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:33:14Z","timestamp":1793496794762,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.5.585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,5]],"date-time":"2017-02-05T11:29:58Z","timestamp":1486294198000},"page":"585-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1941,"title":["Sleep Duration and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Francesco P.","family":"Cappuccio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanfranco","family":"D'Elia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Strazzullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01195.x","article-title":"Sleep as restitution: an introduction","volume":"254","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/19.6.462","article-title":"Historical change in the report of daytime fatigue","volume":"19","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.23","article-title":"Effects of poor and short sleep on glucose metabolism and obesity risk","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.01.002","article-title":"The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation","volume":"11","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2174\/157016107780368280","article-title":"Inflammation, sleep, obesity and cardiovascular disease","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.12.1659","article-title":"A prospective study of change in sleep duration: associations with mortality in the Whitehall II cohort","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.2.131","article-title":"Mortality associated with sleep duration and insomnia","volume":"59","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.9.1121","article-title":"Sleep duration and sleep complaints and risk of myocardial infarction in middle-aged men and women from the general population: the MONICA\/KORA Augsburg Cohort Study","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/32.3.295","article-title":"Association of sleep duration with mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes for Japanese men and women: the JACC study","volume":"32","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.02171.x","article-title":"Self-reported sleep and nap habits and risk of mortality in a large cohort of older women","volume":"57","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1124","article-title":"Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000217362.34748.e0","article-title":"Short sleep duration as a risk factor for hypertension: analyses of the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"47","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B13","first-page":"694","article-title":"Gender-specific associations of short sleep duration with prevalent and incident hypertension","volume":"50","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Whitehall II Study. Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B14","first-page":"255","article-title":"Sleep-related respiratory disturbances","volume":"39","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.5.619","article-title":"Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children, adolescents and adults","volume":"31","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm302","article-title":"Cross-sectional versus Prospective associations of sleep duration with changes in relative weight and body fat distribution: The Whitehall II Study","volume":"167","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.16.1689","article-title":"Sleep duration and health in young adults","volume":"166","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.7.878","article-title":"The U-shaped association between sleep and health: the 2 peaks do not mean the same thing","volume":"29","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2002.00941.x","article-title":"Sleep complaints predict coronary artery disease mortality in males: a 12-year follow-up study of a middle-aged Swedish population","volume":"251","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.3.440","article-title":"A prospective study of sleep duration and mortality risk in women","volume":"27","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.9.1105","article-title":"Nighttime sleep, Chinese afternoon nap, and mortality in the elderly","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B22","first-page":"1087","article-title":"Sleep duration associated with mortality in elderly, but not middle-aged, adults in a large US sample","volume":"31","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.171.339","article-title":"Health practices and mortality in a rural Japanese population","volume":"171","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(02)00016-3","article-title":"Sleep duration and mortality: The effect of short or long sleep duration on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in working men and women","volume":"3","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.14.124","article-title":"Sleep duration and mortality in Japan: the Jichi Medical School Cohort Study","volume":"14","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.10.1245","article-title":"Sleep and mortality: a population-based 22-year follow-up study","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/24.2.113","article-title":"Relationship of health behaviours to fve-year mortality in an elderly cohort","volume":"24","year":"1995","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.10.87","article-title":"Sleep patterns and total mortality: a 12-year follow-up study in Japan","volume":"10","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7174.1675","article-title":"Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom","volume":"317","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B30","first-page":"193","article-title":"Over 8 hours of sleep--marker of increased mortality in Mediterranean population: follow-up population study","volume":"44","year":"2003","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377","article-title":"The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions","volume":"52","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-50","article-title":"Development and validation of MIX: comprehensive free software for meta-analysis of causal research data","volume":"6","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B35","first-page":"51","article-title":"Self-reported sleep duration as a predictor of all-cause mortality: results from the JACC study, Japan","volume":"27","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(73)90009-1","article-title":"Relationship of health practices and mortality","volume":"2","year":"1973","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113466","article-title":"A multivariate analysis of health-related practices: a nine-year mortality follow-up of the Alameda County Study","volume":"116","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.77.3.307","article-title":"Mortality among the elderly in the Alameda County Study: behavioral and demographic risk factors","volume":"77","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00732.x","article-title":"Sleep duration and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B40","first-page":"1058","article-title":"Sleep measurement in fight crew: comparing actigraphic and subjective estimates to polysomnography","volume":"76","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.119","article-title":"Association between sleep and blood pressure in midlife: the CARDIA sleep study","volume":"169","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp230","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between objectively measured sleep duration and body mass index: the CARDIA Sleep Study","volume":"170","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704","article-title":"The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults","volume":"328","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.3.2005065","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and related clinical features in a population-based sample of subjects aged 30 to 70 yr","volume":"163","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74229-X","article-title":"Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study","volume":"365","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn281","article-title":"Sleep duration and coronary heart disease mortality among Chinese adults in Singapore: a population-based cohort study","volume":"168","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.867","article-title":"Short sleep duration and incident coronary artery calcification","volume":"300","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.8.1009","article-title":"Association of usual sleep duration with hypertension: The Sleep Heart Health Study","volume":"29","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.10.1289","article-title":"Inadequate sleep as a risk factor for obesity: analyses of the NHANES I","volume":"28","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj280","article-title":"Association between reduced sleep and weight gain in women","volume":"164","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.118","article-title":"Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review","volume":"16","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.5.645","article-title":"Associations of usual sleep duration with serum lipid and lipoprotein levels","volume":"31","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B53","first-page":"e309","article-title":"A population-based study of short sleep duration and hypertension: the strongest association may be in pre-menopausal women","volume-title":"Circulation","year":"2009"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B54","first-page":"51:e15","article-title":"Gender-specific associations of short sleep duration with prevalent hypertension","volume-title":"Hypertension","year":"2008"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.04.095","article-title":"Gender-specific associations between disturbed sleep and bio-markers of inflammation, coagulation and insulin resistance","volume":"22","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008","article-title":"Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite","volume":"141","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B57","first-page":"e62","article-title":"Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index","volume-title":"PLoS Med","year":"2004"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00660.2005","article-title":"Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes","volume":"99","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B59","first-page":"341","article-title":"Metabolic and endocrine effects of sleep deprivation","volume":"6","year":"2005","journal-title":"Essent Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170420032237_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn337","article-title":"Correlates of short and long sleep duration: a cross-cultural comparison between the United Kingdom and the United States: the Whitehall II Study and the Western New York Health Study","volume":"168","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Sleep"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/33\/5\/585\/13665148\/sleep-33-5-585.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T04:40:52Z","timestamp":1568781652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/33.5.585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/33.5.585","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-9109","0161-8105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-9109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0161-8105","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}}}