{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:11:40Z","timestamp":1792872700190,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 NS104267-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 NS104267-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011096","name":"Jazz Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1853511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1853511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We determine if young people with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) have distinct nocturnal sleep stability phenotypes compared to subjectively sleepy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were 5- to 21-year old and drug-na\u00efve or drug free: NT1 (n = 46), NT2 (n = 12), IH (n = 18), and subjectively sleepy controls (n = 48). We compared the following sleep stability measures from polysomnogram recording between each hypersomnolence disorder to subjectively sleepy controls: number of wake and sleep stage bouts, Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves for wake and sleep stages, and median bout durations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to the subjectively sleepy control group, NT1 participants had more bouts of wake and all sleep stages (p \u2264 .005) except stage N3. NT1 participants had worse survival of nocturnal wake, stage N2, and rapid eye movement (REM) bouts (p &amp;lt; .005). In the first 8 hours of sleep, NT1 participants had longer stage N1 bouts but shorter REM (all ps &amp;lt; .004). IH participants had a similar number of bouts but better survival of stage N2 bouts (p = .001), and shorter stage N3 bouts in the first 8 hours of sleep (p = .003). In contrast, NT2 participants showed better stage N1 bout survival (p = .006) and longer stage N1 bouts (p = .02).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NT1, NT2, and IH have unique sleep physiology compared to subjectively sleepy controls, with only NT1 demonstrating clear nocturnal wake and sleep instability. Overall, sleep stability measures may aid in diagnoses and management of these central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T11:56:44Z","timestamp":1611921404000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Stability of nocturnal wake and sleep stages defines central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4073-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran P","family":"Maski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Colclasure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Colorado School of Mines , 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