{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T07:56:50Z","timestamp":1793692610334,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Study Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) that is implicated in an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (i.e., coronary heart disease, CHD) and associated with increased overall and cardiac-specific mortality. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that experimental IH progressively impairs coronary vascular function and in vivo coronary flow reserve.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male C57BL\/6J mice (8-week-old) were exposed to IH (FiO2 21% 90 s\u20136% 90 s) or room air (RA; 21%) 12 h\/day during the light cycle for 2, 6, 16, and 28 weeks. Coronary artery flow velocity reserve (CFVR) was measured at each time point using a Doppler system. After euthanasia, coronary arteries were micro-dissected and mounted on wire myograph to assess reactivity to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endothelium-dependent coronary relaxation to ACh was preserved after 2 weeks of IH (80.6 \u00b1 7.8%) compared to RA (87.8 \u00b1 7.8%, p = 0.23), but was significantly impaired after 6 weeks of IH (58.7 \u00b1 16.2%, p = 0.02). Compared to ACh responses at 6 weeks, endothelial dysfunction was more pronounced in mice exposed to 16 weeks (48.2 \u00b1 5.3%) but did not worsen following 28 weeks of IH (44.8 \u00b1 11.6%). A 2-week normoxic recovery after a 6-week IH exposure reversed the ACh abnormalities. CFVR was significantly reduced after 6 (p = 0.0006) and 28 weeks (p &amp;lt; 0.0001) of IH when compared to controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic IH emulating the hypoxia-re-oxygenation cycles of moderate-to-severe OSA promotes coronary artery endothelial dysfunction and CFVR reductions in mice, which progressively worsen until reaching asymptote between 16 and 28 weeks. Normoxic recovery after 6 weeks exposure reverses the vascular abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsac131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T00:20:40Z","timestamp":1654474840000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Temporal changes in coronary artery function and flow velocity reserve in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7073-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Badran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn B","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"},{"name":"Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5811-5148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelnaby","family":"Khalyfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7944-4936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaume","family":"Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A","family":"Martinez-Lemus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8195-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Gozal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000950","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics-2021 update a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"143","author":"Virani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"17","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2019-316243","article-title":"Diabetes and coronary artery disease: not just a risk factor","volume":"106","author":"Grant","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.04.013","article-title":"Obesity in coronary heart disease: an unaddressed behavioral risk factor","volume":"104","author":"Ades","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Med (Baltim)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010440","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.010440","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature and proposed multidisciplinary clinical management strategy","volume":"8","author":"Tietjens","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00107805","article-title":"Increased incidence of coronary artery disease in sleep apnoea: a long-term follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Peker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.05.048","article-title":"Sleep disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"78","author":"Cowie","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2018.09.002","article-title":"High risk characteristics for recurrent cardiovascular events among patients with obstructive sleep apnoea in the save study","volume":"2-3","author":"Quan","year":"2018","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E56","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000988","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"144","author":"Yeghiazarians","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5","article-title":"Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis","volume":"7","author":"Benjafield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.10.33","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia, cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"10","author":"Turnbull","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.01.009","article-title":"Insights into obstructive sleep apnea research","volume":"15","author":"Badran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2015.03.011","article-title":"Epidemiology of sleep disturbances and cardiovascular consequences","volume":"31","author":"Badran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol."},{"issue":"22","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5349","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277936","article-title":"Gestational intermittent hypoxia induces endothelial dysfunction, reduces perivascular adiponectin and causes epigenetic changes in adult male offspring","volume":"597","author":"Badran","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-190706","article-title":"Chronic intermittent hypoxia vs chronic continuous hypoxia: effects on vascular endothelial function and myocardial contractility","volume":"74","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.01.013","article-title":"Chronic intermittent hypoxia causes endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity","volume":"15","author":"Badran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2016-0243OC","article-title":"Visceral white adipose tissue after chronic intermittent and sustained hypoxia in mice","volume":"56","author":"Gozal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100866","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00866-2021","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia-related alterations in vascular structure and function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent data","volume":"59","author":"Harki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa293","article-title":"The effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia in cardiovascular gene expression is modulated by age in a mice model of sleep apnea","volume":"44","author":"Castro-Grattoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277775","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia impairs uterine artery function in pregnant mice","volume":"597","author":"Badran","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901801","article-title":"Prospective study of obstructive sleep apnea and incident coronary heart disease and heart failure: the sleep heart health study","volume":"122","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4051","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9124051","article-title":"Effect of obstructive sleep apnea and Cpap treatment on cardiovascular outcomes in acute coronary syndrome in the RICCADSA Trial","volume":"9","author":"Peker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2758","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.6.2758","article-title":"A model of sleep-disordered breathing in the C57BL\/6J mouse","volume":"91","author":"Tagaito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol."},{"issue":"NOV","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01556","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia severity in animal models of sleep apnea","volume":"9","author":"Farr\u00e9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2354870","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2354870","article-title":"Uncoupling of vascular nitric oxide synthase caused by intermittent hypoxia","volume":"2016","author":"Badran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4093018","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4093018","article-title":"Alpha lipoic acid improves endothelial function and oxidative stress in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia","volume":"2019","author":"Badran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"issue":"7","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R700","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00258.2012","article-title":"Metabolic effects of intermittent hypoxia in mice: Steady versus high-frequency applied hypoxia daily during the rest period","volume":"303","author":"Carreras","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.010","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia-induced cardiovascular remodeling is reversed by normoxia in a mouse model of sleep apnea","volume":"149","author":"Castro-Grattoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"19","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029400","article-title":"Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: lessons from recent trials and need for team science","volume":"136","author":"Drager","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0029","first-page":"91","article-title":"A guide to wire myography","volume":"108","author":"Spiers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Mol Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06172","article-title":"Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors differentially contribute to coronary and mesenteric vascular function without modulating blood pressure","volume":"66","author":"Mueller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.04.053","article-title":"Functional and morphologic imaging of coronary atherosclerosis in living mice using high-resolution color doppler echocardiography and ultrasound biomicroscopy","volume":"46","author":"Wikstr\u00f6m","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40196","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040196","article-title":"Coronary artery remodeling in a model of left ventricular pressure overload is influenced by platelets and inflammatory cells","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.11.019","article-title":"Doppler estimation of reduced coronary flow reserve in mice with pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"34","author":"Hartley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.11.002","article-title":"Effects of isoflurane on coronary blood flow velocity in young, old and ApoE-\/- mice measured by doppler ultrasound","volume":"33","author":"Hartley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0035","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk.","volume-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag.","author":"Dorasamy","year":"2007"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606599","article-title":"CPAP for prevention of cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"375","author":"McEvoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101312","article-title":"Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Labarca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30271-1","article-title":"Effect of obstructive sleep apnoea and its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure on the prevalence of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ISAACC study): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"S\u00e1nchez-de-la-Torre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202004-1127OC","article-title":"The effect of sleep apnea on cardiovascular events in different acute coronary syndrome phenotypes","volume":"202","author":"Zapater","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985258","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/985258","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications of sleep apnea: role of oxidative stress","volume":"2014","author":"Badran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.11.008","article-title":"Murine models of sleep apnea: functional implications of altered macrophage polarity and epigenetic modifications in adipose and vascular tissues","volume":"84","author":"Trzepizur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0042","first-page":"402","article-title":"Increased cerebrovascular sensitivity to endothelin-1 in a rat model of obstructive sleep apnea: a role for endothelin receptor B","volume":"35","author":"Durgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"issue":"JUL","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00901","article-title":"Chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced vascular dysfunction in rats is reverted by N-acetylcysteine supplementation and arginase inhibition","volume":"9","author":"Krause","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00411.2005","article-title":"Acute and chronic cardiovascular effects of intermittent hypoxia in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"99","author":"Campen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0045","first-page":"291","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease","volume":"2014","author":"Widmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob Cardiol Sci Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200702-238OC","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxia induces early functional cardiovascular remodeling in mice","volume":"177","author":"Dematteis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00204209","article-title":"14 nights of intermittent hypoxia elevate daytime blood pressure and sympathetic activity in healthy humans","volume":"37","author":"Tamisier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7120-1-4","article-title":"Transthoracic doppler echocardiography\u2014noninvasive diagnostic window for coronary flow reserve assessment","volume":"1","author":"Dimitrow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13046","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13046","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction: a systematic review from a clinical perspective","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.ATM_195_16","article-title":"Coronary flow reserve is impaired in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"12","author":"Bozbas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Med."},{"issue":"25","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.054","article-title":"Coronary microvascular reactivity to adenosine predicts adverse outcome in women evaluated for suspected ischemia. results from the national heart, lung and blood institute WISE (Women\u2019s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation) study","volume":"55","author":"Pepine","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx818","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction as female-pattern cardiovascular disease: the chicken or the egg?","volume":"39","author":"Nelson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2017.10.010","article-title":"Reduced myocardial flow reserve is associated with diastolic dysfunction and decreased left atrial strain in patients with normal ejection fraction and epicardial perfusion","volume":"24","author":"Konerman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Card Fail."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002649","article-title":"Impairment of coronary flow reserve evaluated by phase contrast cine-magnetic resonance imaging in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"5","author":"Kato","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1033","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00680.2017","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"314","author":"Dryer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.039164","article-title":"Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea leads to improved microvascular endothelial function in the systemic circulation","volume":"61","author":"Lattimore","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57040310","article-title":"The assessment of endothelial dysfunction among OSA patients after CPAP treatment","volume":"57","author":"Bro\u017cyna-Tkaczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12573","article-title":"Effect of CPAP therapy on endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Schwarz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2022090808592194800_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43648","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43648","article-title":"Aorta macrophage inflammatory and epigenetic changes in a murine model of obstructive sleep apnea: potential role of CD36","volume":"7","author":"Cortese","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."}],"container-title":["Sleep"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsac131\/44382986\/zsac131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/45\/9\/zsac131\/45570934\/zsac131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/45\/9\/zsac131\/45570934\/zsac131.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T09:09:08Z","timestamp":1662628148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsac131\/6602135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsac131","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-8105","1550-9109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-8105","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"article-number":"zsac131"}}