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Early detection and classification of dementia can help close this diagnostic gap and improve management of disease progression. Altered oscillations in brain activity during sleep are an early feature of neurodegenerative diseases and be used to identify those on the verge of cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our observational cross-sectional study used a clinical dataset of 10 784 polysomnography from 8044 participants. Sleep macro- and micro-structural features were extracted from the electroencephalogram (EEG). Microstructural features were engineered from spectral band powers, EEG coherence, spindle, and slow oscillations. Participants were classified as dementia (DEM), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or cognitively normal (CN) based on clinical diagnosis, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini-Mental State Exam scores, clinical dementia rating, and prescribed medications. We trained logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest models to classify patients into DEM, MCI, and CN groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For discriminating DEM versus CN, the best model achieved an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.78 and area under precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.22. For discriminating MCI versus CN, the best model achieved an AUROC of 0.73 and AUPRC of 0.18. For discriminating DEM or MCI versus CN, the best model achieved an AUROC of 0.76 and AUPRC of 0.32.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our dementia classification algorithms show promise for incorporating dementia screening techniques using routine sleep EEG. The findings strengthen the concept of sleep as a window into neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsac286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T10:13:30Z","timestamp":1669803210000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Dementia detection from brain activity during sleep"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Elissa M","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5041-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoqi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parimala V","family":"Krishnamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7214-6293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor","family":"Adra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6029-2450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Ganglberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5575-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7754-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice D","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Brandon","family":"Westover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Clinical Data Animation Center (CDAC) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023113004503644000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbx169","article-title":"Dementia prevalence in the United States in 2000 and 2012: estimates based on a nationally representative study","volume":"73","author":"Hudomiet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2023113004503644000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004826","article-title":"Practice guideline update summary: mild cognitive impairment report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation","volume":"90","author":"Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"7","key":"2023113004503644000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4377-y","article-title":"Underdiagnosis of dementia: an observational study of patterns in diagnosis and awareness in US older adults","volume":"33","author":"Amjad","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023113004503644000_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0111461","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011146","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of undetected dementia in the community: a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Lang","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"2023113004503644000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.03.005","article-title":"Should older adults be screened for dementia? 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