{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:09:35Z","timestamp":1792069775511,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL146697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL146697"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009886","name":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["228-SR-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["228-SR-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009886","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Study Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more prevalent in men and older adults. Few studies have explored variations in pathological endotypic traits by age and sex using a large patient sample, offering insights into the development of the disease. Our study aims to examine how endotype characteristics of OSA vary across ages in different sex.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 2296 adult patients referred for in-laboratory diagnostic polysomnography at a single sleep center in Taiwan. Among them, 1374 had an apnea\u2013hypopnea index \u22655. Using the \u201cPhenotyping Using Polysomnography\u201d method, we estimated four endotypic traits\u2014arousal threshold, upper airway collapsibility, loop gain, and upper airway muscle compensation. Demographic and polysomnographic characteristics were compared between sexes and age groups. Generalized linear regression and generalized additive models were employed to explore the associations of sex and age with endotypic traits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Men with OSA exhibited higher collapsibility and lower compensation than women (difference: 4.32 %eupnea and 4.49 %eupnea, respectively). Younger patients with OSA had a higher prevalence of obesity, more snoring symptoms, and lower loop gain compared to older patients. For men, age was correlated with increased collapsibility, increased loop gain, and decreased arousal threshold after 37 years old. Whereas in women, endotypic traits were not associated with age, except for an increase in loop gain with advancing age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Personalized treatment options for OSA should take into consideration age and sex. Reducing loop gain could be a treatment objective for older patients with OSA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsae185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T03:43:29Z","timestamp":1723347809000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sex-specific age-related worsening of pathological endotypic traits in patients with obstructive sleep apnea"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Liang-Wen","family":"Hang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7396-0713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eysteinn","family":"Finnsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nox Research, Nox Medical ehf , Reykjav\u00edk ,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4309-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f3n S","family":"\u00c1g\u00fastsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nox Research, Nox Medical ehf , Reykjav\u00edk ,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A","family":"Sands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4510-7584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan-Ju","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health, China Medical University , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.06.011","article-title":"Personalized management approach for OSA","volume":"153","author":"Carberry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2109080","article-title":"Gender issues in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"94","author":"Geer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00045.2008","article-title":"Contribution of male sex, age, and obesity to mechanical instability of the upper airway during sleep","volume":"104","author":"Kirkness","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202203-271OC","article-title":"Pathophysiology underlying demographic and obesity determinants of sleep apnea severity","volume":"20","author":"Sands","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.064238","article-title":"The influence of gender and upper airway resistance on the ventilatory response to arousal in obstructive sleep apnoea in humans","volume":"558","author":"Jordan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202005-1808OC","article-title":"Non-REM apnea and hypopnea duration varies across population groups and physiologic traits","volume":"203","author":"Borker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz274","article-title":"Sex differences in obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes, the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"43","author":"Won","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3844","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in older adults is a distinctly different physiological phenotype","volume":"37","author":"Edwards","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00282.2006","article-title":"Neuromechanical control of upper airway patency during sleep","volume":"102","author":"Patil","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201707-1435OC","article-title":"Phenotyping pharyngeal pathophysiology using polysomnography in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"197","author":"Sands","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa168","article-title":"A scalable method of determining physiological endotypes of sleep apnea from a polysomnographic sleep study","volume":"44","author":"Finnsson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.10.080","article-title":"Assessing the physiologic endotypes responsible for REM- and NREM-Based OSA","volume":"159","author":"Joosten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202212-1054OC","article-title":"Relationship between symptom profiles and endotypes among patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a latent class analysis","volume":"20","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1710","article-title":"AASM criteria for scoring respiratory events: interaction between apnea sensor and hypopnea definition","volume":"35","author":"Thornton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00062914","article-title":"Quantifying the ventilatory control contribution to sleep apnoea using polysomnography","volume":"45","author":"Terrill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsx183","article-title":"Quantifying the arousal threshold using polysomnography in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"41","author":"Sands","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2010.00749.x","article-title":"Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models","volume":"73","author":"Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Stat Methodol Ser B."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200707-114MG","article-title":"Pathophysiology of adult obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"5","author":"Eckert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-020-02235-6","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of Asian patients with sleep apnea with low arousal threshold and sleep structure change with continuous positive airway pressure","volume":"25","author":"Hang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14079","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14079","article-title":"Identifying the pathophysiological traits of obstructive sleep apnea during dexmedetomidine sedation","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.03.007","article-title":"How OSA evolves from childhood to young adulthood: natural history from a 10-year follow-up study","volume":"156","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.4.406","article-title":"The effects of age, sex, ethnicity, and sleep-disordered breathing on sleep architecture","volume":"164","author":"Redline","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00506","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00506-2022","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and positive airway pressure adherence among elderly European sleep apnoea patients from the ESADA cohort","volume":"9","author":"Lammintausta","year":"2023","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00312.2011","article-title":"Genioglossus activity available via non-arousal mechanisms vs. that required for opening the airway in obstructive apnea patients","volume":"112","author":"Younes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2112072","article-title":"The male predisposition to pharyngeal collapse: importance of airway length","volume":"166","author":"Malhotra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.4.323","article-title":"Neck soft tissue and fat distribution: comparison between normal men and women by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"54","author":"Whittle","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-015-1264-0","article-title":"Investigating the dynamics of supine fluid redistribution within multiple body segments between men and women","volume":"43","author":"Yadollahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27265","article-title":"The effect of aging on drug-induced sleep endoscopy findings","volume":"128","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Laryngoscope."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.01.077","article-title":"Aging influences on pharyngeal anatomy and physiology: the predisposition to pharyngeal collapse","volume":"119","author":"Malhotra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00177213","article-title":"Upper airway factors that protect against obstructive sleep apnoea in healthy older males","volume":"44","author":"Carlisle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2016.03.011","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in postmenopausal women: a comparative study using drug induced sleep endoscopy","volume":"83","author":"Koo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.02.011","article-title":"Menopause and sleep apnea","volume":"124","author":"Perger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Maturitas."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.1.9706079","article-title":"Effects of age on sleep apnea in men: I. Prevalence and severity","volume":"157","author":"Bixler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.5.2198","article-title":"Pattern of breathing and upper airway mechanics during wakefulness and sleep in healthy elderly humans","volume":"74","author":"Hudgel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.4.9903020","article-title":"Risk factors for central and obstructive sleep apnea in 450 men and women with congestive heart failure","volume":"160","author":"Sin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.5.2003131","article-title":"Airway mechanics and ventilation in response to resistive loading during sleep: influence of gender","volume":"162","author":"Pillar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.5.2248","article-title":"Influence of gender on upper airway mechanics: upper airway resistance and Pcrit","volume":"91","author":"Rowley","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.2.808","article-title":"Combined effects of female hormones and metabolic rate on ventilatory drives in women","volume":"66","author":"Regensteiner","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01896-2","article-title":"Beneficial effects of estrogens in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0040","first-page":"14","article-title":"Age-related response of the genioglossus muscle EMG-activity to hypoxia in humans","volume":"54","author":"Klawe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00653.2011","article-title":"Sensorimotor function of the upper-airway muscles and respiratory sensory processing in untreated obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"111","author":"Eckert","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz273","article-title":"Differences in three-dimensional upper airway anatomy between Asian and European patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"frsle.2023.1188052","DOI":"10.3389\/frsle.2023.1188052","article-title":"Sleep apnea endotypes: from the physiological laboratory to scalable polysomnographic measures","volume":"2","author":"Finnsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Sleep."},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4078","article-title":"Upper airway collapsibility is associated with obesity and hyoid position","volume":"37","author":"Genta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8600","article-title":"Discriminating the severity of pharyngeal collapsibility in men using anthropometric and polysomnographic indices","volume":"16","author":"Genta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2021-217756","article-title":"Neural ventilatory drive decline as a predominant mechanism of obstructive sleep apnoea events","volume":"77","author":"Gell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.04.009","article-title":"Efficacy of pharmacotherapy for OSA in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Gaisl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901344","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01344-2019","article-title":"Morphine alters respiratory control but not other key obstructive sleep apnoea phenotypes: a randomised trial","volume":"55","author":"Martins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9116","article-title":"The role of acetazolamide in sleep apnea at sea level: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Ni","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57111173","article-title":"Review of the management of obstructive sleep apnea and pharmacological symptom management","volume":"57","author":"Panahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011305514516700_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111846","article-title":"Targeting endotypic traits with medications for the pharmacological treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. a review of the current literature","volume":"8","author":"Taranto-Montemurro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med."}],"container-title":["SLEEP"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsae185\/59036390\/zsae185.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/48\/1\/zsae185\/59036390\/zsae185.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article-pdf\/48\/1\/zsae185\/59036390\/zsae185.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T05:51:54Z","timestamp":1736747514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/sleep\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsae185\/7731462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsae185","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-8105","1550-9109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-8105","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]]},"article-number":"zsae185"}}