{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:35:37Z","timestamp":1790386537386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional treatments have limitations, stem cell therapy has potential for regeneration after ischemic stroke. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) infusion via the intravenous (IV) and intrathecal (IT) routes for treating neurological sequelae after ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This phase II randomized controlled trial involved 32 patients aged 40\u201375\u2009years with neurological sequelae after ischemic stroke. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups: 16 received two IT UC-MSC infusions plus rehabilitation therapy, and 16 received two IV UC-MSC infusions plus rehabilitation therapy. Additionally, 16 matched controls, paired with the IT group by sex, age (\u00b15\u2009years), and NIHSS, received only rehabilitation. UC-MSCs were administered at 1.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009106 cells\/kg at baseline and 3\u2009months. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months using NIHSS, FIM, MAS, FMS, and SF-36.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No severe adverse events related to UC-MSC therapy were observed. Adverse event rate was lower in the IV group than the IT group. At 6\u2009months, the IV group demonstrated significant improvements in NIHSS (p\u2009=\u20090.046), FIM (p\u2009=\u20090.028), and SF-36 (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). At 12\u2009months, both UC-MSC groups showed significant improvements, with greater effects in the IV group (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001 for SF-36).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both IV and IT UC-MSC infusions improved neurological recovery and quality of life, with fewer adverse events in the IT group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT05292625<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szaf063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T09:49:41Z","timestamp":1763977781000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Intrathecal versus intravenous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke sequelae"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5553-2164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liem Thanh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity , Vinhomes Ocean Park , Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec HealthCare System , 458 Minh Khai Street , Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuy Thi Ngoc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ha Noi Medical University , 1 Ton That Tung , Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kien Trung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity , Vinhomes Ocean Park , Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lam Nam","family":"Phung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec HealthCare System , 458 Minh Khai Street , Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Thanh","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity , Vinhomes Ocean Park , Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trang Thi Kieu","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity , Vinhomes Ocean Park , Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh","family":"Van Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ha Noi Medical University , 1 Ton That Tung , Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Ha Noi Rehabilitation Hospital , 35 Le Van Thiem , Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Thi Phuong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec HealthCare System , 458 Minh Khai Street , Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doan","family":"Van Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec HealthCare System , 458 Minh Khai Street , Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh","family":"Van Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Vinmec HealthCare System , 458 Minh Khai Street , Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Van Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Rehabilitation Hospital , 27 Le Loi , Sam Son, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112700563178800_szaf063-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067535","article-title":"The definition and classification of stroke. 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