{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T18:55:25Z","timestamp":1774637725633,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFA0103300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA0103300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82293630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82293630"]}]},{"name":"Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82530009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82530009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective study examines the clinical outcomes and immune reconstitution dynamics in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) exhibiting mixed chimerism (MC) compared with those with full donor chimerism (FDC) following HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Analysis of propensity score-matched cohorts (23 MC vs 69 FDC) revealed comparable 5-year overall survival (OS: 87.0% vs 92.8%, P\u2009=\u2009.433) but significantly inferior failure-free survival (FFS: 47.8% vs 87.0%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) in patients with MC due to a higher incidence of graft failure (52.2% vs 8.7%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). Longitudinal immune profiling revealed delayed recovery of myeloid and lymphoid lineages in patients with MC at 12\u2009months post-HSCT, with pronounced deficits in adaptive immunity. Specifically, CD8+CD28+ T cell counts were consistently reduced at 1\u2009month (median, 20 vs 41 cells\/\u03bcL, P\u2009=\u2009.049), 3\u2009months (median, 86 vs 153 cells\/\u03bcL, P\u2009=\u2009.024), and 6\u2009months (median, 109 vs 160 cells\/\u03bcL, P\u2009=\u2009.001), and CD4+CD25+ T cells were diminished at 6\u2009months (median, 11 vs 20 cells\/\u03bcL, P\u2009=\u2009.006). Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated CD8+CD28+ T cell levels at 3\u2009months (\u2265140 cells\/\u03bcL) were an independent predictor of improved FFS (HR\u2009=\u20090.30, P\u2009=\u2009.035). These findings highlight MC-associated immune dysregulation, particularly impaired CD28-costimulated T cell and CD4+CD25+ T cell reconstitution, as a key mediator of graft instability. This study underscores the prognostic value of early immune monitoring and suggests therapeutic strategies that target T cell recovery to mitigate MC-related risk in patients with SAA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szag009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T17:56:11Z","timestamp":1774634171000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dynamic immune reconstitution and clinical outcomes in different chimerism statuses of HLA-matched transplantation for severe aplastic anemia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ming-Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies, Peking University , Beijing 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100044,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1856-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies, Peking University , Beijing 100044,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5047-9249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Ting","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies, Peking University , Beijing 100044,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing-Zhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies, Peking University , Beijing 100044,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies, Peking University , Beijing 100044,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking 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