{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T22:24:28Z","timestamp":1774391068719,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a possible biological hazard in feed mills. If the virus enters a feed mill, it becomes widely distributed and is difficult to decontaminate from both feed contact and non-feed contact surfaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate a variety of liquid and dry decontamination treatments that could be used to reduce the amount of PEDV found on feed manufacturing surfaces. This experiment was designed as a 5 \u00d7 10 factorial with five different feed manufacturing surfaces and 10 decontamination treatments with three replicates of each combination. Surfaces included stainless steel, solid polyethylene, woven polypropylene tote bag, rubber, and sealed concrete coupons. One mL (1\u00d7105 TCID50\/mL) of stock PEDV was applied to each surface and allowed to dry completely for 60 min. Next, for decontamination requiring surface application, the application was performed and allowed 15 min contact time. The quantity of PEDV RNA was determined using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. A decontamination treatment \u00d7 surface interaction was observed (P &amp;lt; 0.0001), indicating the efficacy of treatment is dependent upon the surface in which it is applied. Within the cement surfaces, the sodium hypochlorite resulted in the greatest (P &amp;lt; 0.05) cycle threshold (Ct) value, followed by formaldehyde which had a greater (P &amp;lt; 0.05) Ct value compared to remaining treatments. Within polyethylene, rubber, and stainless steel surfaces, the formaldehyde treated surfaces had the greatest Ct values (P &amp;lt; 0.05), followed by the sodium hypochlorite treatment, with other treatments all having lower Ct values (P &amp;lt; 0.05). For the woven polyethylene surfaces, the formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite treatments had greater Ct values compared to all other treatments (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Additional research is necessary to identify the role of decontamination treatment on PEDV infectivity and develop methods for decontamination of feed manufacturing facilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txab121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T07:53:42Z","timestamp":1626681222000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Using environmental sampling to evaluate the effectiveness of decontamination methods to reduce detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus RNA on feed manufacturing surfaces"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mary B","family":"Muckey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Grain Science and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0671-8879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassandra K","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason C","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chad B","family":"Paulk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Grain Science and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6371-0729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve S","family":"Dritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Medicine\/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6144-6714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan T","family":"Gebhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Medicine\/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021080706455619200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/976","article-title":"Weight of the evidence linking feed to an outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea in Canadian swine herds","volume":"25","author":"Aubry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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