{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T06:01:27Z","timestamp":1782885687564,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40%, 35%, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on ruminal fermentation [pH, ammonia-N (NH3-N), lactate, and volatile fatty acids (VFA)] of beef steers during a 21-d step-up diet adaptation. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred beef steers (658 \u00b1 79 kg of body weight) were assigned in a crossover design to be transitioned from a diet containing ad libitum bermudagrass hay [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] plus 0.45 kg\/d (as fed) of molasses with 0 (CON) or 3 g of PAP (PAP) to a high-grain diet. Transition consisted of three 7-d steps of increased inclusion of cracked corn (35%, 60%, and 82% of the diet DM for STEP1, STEP2, and STEP3, respectively). On each transition day and 7 d after STEP3 (STEP3-7d), ruminal fluid samples were obtained every 3 h for 24 h. Feeding 3 g of PAP daily increased (P &amp;lt; 0.01) average ruminal pH during STEP3 compared with CON steers (5.6 vs. 5.4 \u00b1 0.05, respectively). During STEP1, NH3-N concentration was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.01; 9.4 vs. 6.8 \u00b1 0.74 mM, respectively), and time (min\/d) and area (time \u00d7 pH) of ruminal pH below or equal to 5.2 was lesser (P \u2264 0.03) for steers consuming PAP compared with steers assigned to CON treatment (33.4 vs. 73.3 \u00b1 21.7 min\/d and 187.4 vs. 406.3 \u00b1 119.7 min \u00d7 pH\/d, respectively). Steers consuming PAP had greater acetate:propionate ratio at 0, 3, and 6 h relative to diet change compared with CON (2.42, 2.35, 2.29 vs. 1.66, 1.79, and 1.72 \u00b1 0.17, respectively), whereas butyrate molar proportions increased (P = 0.02; 17.1 vs. 11 \u00b1 1.58 mol\/100 mol for CON and PAP, respectively) when PAP was not fed at STEP2. Total ruminal lactate concentrations were not affected by PAP feeding (P &amp;gt; 0.11). In conclusion, feeding 3 g\/d of polyclonal antibody preparation against S. bovis, F. necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides was effective in increasing ruminal pH, A:P ratio, and NH3-N concentrations, possibly attenuating the risks of ruminal acidosis in steers during the step-up transition from forage to high-grain diets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txac070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T02:55:36Z","timestamp":1653101736000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin as a feed additive to beef cattle: ruminal fermentation during the step-up transition diets"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Gleise M","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Podversich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida , Marianna, FL 32446 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8297-7442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa M","family":"Schulmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida , Marianna, FL 32446 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erick R S","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Sanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal & Range Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59717 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle C B","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco , Recife, PE 2171900 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5174-3427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"DiLorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida , Marianna, FL 32446 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022061908462400100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)75030-2","article-title":"Effects of diet on short-term regulation of feed intake by lactating dairy cattle.","volume":"83","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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