{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:09:19Z","timestamp":1788455359168,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Life Products, Inc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Crossbred beef heifers (N\u2005=\u20051,394; initial shrunk body weight [BW] 291\u2005\u00b1\u20059.9 kg) were used to investigate the efficacy of 10-G Armor (Life Products, Inc., Norfolk, NE; 10-G) upon feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and fecal and subiliac lymph nodes Salmonella prevalence. Heifers were blocked by day of arrival and allocated to 1 of 20 pens (N\u2005=\u200570 heifers\/pen) and assigned one of two treatments (10 pens\/treatment): no direct-fed microbial (CON) or 2 g\/heifer\/d of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum, respectively (Life Products, Inc., Norfolk, NE; 10-G). Twenty-four animals were randomly selected from each pen for Salmonella sampling. Recto-anal mucosal swab samples (RAMS) were obtained at initial processing and harvest; subiliac lymph nodes were collected at harvest. In addition, pen surface fecal pats were collected and composited by pen (10 pats per composite, 5 composites per pen) on days 0, 52, 120, and 192. Data were analyzed as a generalized complete block design, and pen served as the experimental unit. No differences were observed in live growth performance metrics (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.55). Yield grade distributions did not differ between treatments (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.62); however, cattle fed 10-G tended (P\u2005=\u20050.06; 14.6% vs. 18.9%) to have fewer USDA Select carcasses and more (P\u2005=\u20050.09; 73.6% vs. 78.0%) USDA Choice carcasses. Cattle fed 10-G tended (P\u2005=\u20050.10; 9.2% vs. 12.3%) to have fewer liver abscesses and had fewer (P\u2005=\u20050.04; 5.3% vs. 8.5%) severe liver abscesses. Salmonella prevalence of RAMS did not differ between treatments at initial processing (P\u2005=\u20050.97; CON\u2005=\u200511.6%, 10-G\u2005=\u200511.5%) or at harvest (P\u2005=\u20050.91; CON\u2005=\u200599.0%, 10-G\u2005=\u200598.6%); however, RAMS differed (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01) in Salmonella prevalence between the two collection times. Cattle fed 10-G had a lower frequency of Salmonella positive lymph nodes (P\u2005=\u20050.01; CON\u2005=\u200515.8%, 10-G\u2005=\u20057.4%) than CON. However, Salmonella log (mpn\/g) of lymph nodes did not differ between treatments at harvest (P\u2005=\u20050.34; CON\u2005=\u20050.73, 10-G\u2005=\u20050.34). These data indicate that cattle fed 10-G have decreased rates of severe liver abscesses without altering live animal performance or carcass characteristics. Supplementation of 10-G significantly reduced the prevalence rate of Salmonella recovered from the subiliac lymph nodes. The factors responsible for the observed difference in the effects of 10-G on Salmonella warrant further investigation<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txac073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T19:23:44Z","timestamp":1654025024000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of a direct-fed microbial (10-G Armor) on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and prevalence of <i>Salmonella<\/i> in fed-beef heifers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lauren M","family":"Mayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beef Carcass Research Center, West Texas A&M University , Canyon, TX 79016 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Martens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Products, Inc. , Norfolk, NE 68701 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa B","family":"Word","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cactus Research , Amarillo, TX 79101 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben P","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cactus Research , Amarillo, TX 79101 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loni L","family":"Lucherk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beef Carcass Research Center, West Texas A&M University , Canyon, TX 79016 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7088-5455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ty E","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beef Carcass Research Center, West Texas A&M University , Canyon, TX 79016 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis C","family":"Tennant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beef Carcass Research Center, West Texas A&M University , Canyon, TX 79016 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022070116361523000_CIT0001","first-page":"3425","article-title":"Bacterial flora of liver abscesses in crossbred beef cattle and Holstein steers fed finishing diets with or without tylosin","volume":"95","author":"Amachawadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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