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Time to stand was determined as minutes from birth to standing for 5 s. After birth, calf weight and size (length, heart and abdominal girth, and cannon circumference) were recorded. Jugular blood samples and rectal temperatures were obtained at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h postnatally in 6 experiments and at 48 h postnatally in Exp. 2 to 8. Data were analyzed with fixed effects of season (single point) or season, hour, and their interaction (over time, using repeated measures). Experiment was a random effect; calf sex was included when P \u2264 0.25. Within calving season, correlations were determined between calf size, vigor, and 48-h serum total protein. Fall-born calves tended to have lighter (P = 0.09) birth weight and faster (P = 0.05) time to stand than spring-born calves. Season did not affect (P \u2265 0.18) gestation length, other calf size measures, or 48-h serum total protein. Fall-born calves had greater (P \u2264 0.003) rectal temperature at 0, 24, and 48 h postnatal. Spring-born calves had greater (P \u2264 0.009) circulating glucose at 0 h, serum non-esterified fatty acids at 0 and 6 h, and plasma triglycerides at 0, 6, 12, and 48 h. Fall-born calves had greater (P \u2264 0.03) sodium from 6 to 48 h and magnesium from 0 to 24 h of age. Phosphorus was greater (P \u2264 0.02) at 6 and 12 h of age in spring-born calves. Spring-born calves had greater (P \u2264 0.04) aspartate aminotransferase at 12 and 24 h and creatine kinase at 0 and 12 h of age. Fall-born calves had greater (P \u2264 0.03) albumin, calcium, and chloride, had lower (P \u2264 0.03) bicarbonate and direct bilirubin, and tended to have greater (P = 0.10) anion gap (all main effects of calving season). Calf birth weight had a weak positive relationship (P \u2264 0.03) with 48-h serum total protein and time to stand in fall-born, but not spring-born, calves. Overall, fetal growth was restricted and neonatal dehydration was increased by warm conditions for fall-born calves, but vigor and metabolism were negatively affected by cold conditions in spring-born calves. These data suggest that calving season influences perinatal nutrient availability, which may impact the transition of beef calves to postnatal life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txac136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T11:28:28Z","timestamp":1664623708000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effects of spring- versus fall-calving on perinatal nutrient availability and neonatal vigor in beef cattle"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lindsey G","family":"Wichman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colby A","family":"Redifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail R","family":"Rathert-Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie B","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig A","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Extension and Continuing Education, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0072-4039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison M","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111409021974500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.822438x","article-title":"Plasma hormones and metabolites in Piedmontese cows during late pregnancy: Relationships with calf birth weight","volume":"82","author":"Abeni","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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