{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T16:35:57Z","timestamp":1788971757576,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":235,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This experiment examined how adding mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) to the diet affected fertility, hatching rates, egg production, carcass characteristics, cost-effectiveness, and immune function in laying hens. One hundred and twenty Mandarah chickens (30 hens and 3 roosters per group) were randomly chosen between 34 and 50\u00a0wk old and divided into four groups. The first group was the control group, which was given just the basal diet. The basal diet was given to the second, third, and fourth experimental groups along with three different levels of MOS (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5\u00a0g\/kg diet, respectively). Results found that hens fed MOS at various levels laid eggs at a significantly higher rate, enhanced egg number, egg mass and feed conversion ratio than the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.05). MOS seemed to improve carcass quality. The best results for egg quality (Haugh unit) and testosterone levels were seen with a dose of 0.5\u00a0g\/kg of MOS compared to the control birds (P &amp;lt; 0.05). All MOS levels led to higher estradiol-17\u03b2 (E2) levels and better economic efficiency (EE). MOS also improved the hens\u2019 immune systems as compared to the control group. Hens-fed MOS had significantly greater levels of antibodies against Influenza viruses (H9N2) and Infectious Bronchitis Virus (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Also, the spleen and thymus gland, both crucial immune system components, were slightly larger (P &amp;lt; 0.05). It\u2019s important to note that fertility rates, hatchability, and embryo mortality rates remained similar across all groups. So, our findings suggest that incorporating MOS into the birds\u2019 diet enhances their productivity, strengthens their immune system, improves EE, and contributes to the overall health of the hens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txae123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T01:31:21Z","timestamp":1724290281000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Mannan oligosaccharides as a prebiotic for laying hens: effects on fertility, hatchability, productive performance, and immunity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Islam M","family":"Youssef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Dokki, Giza 12618 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed K","family":"Aldhalmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University , 51001 Babylon , Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shatha G","family":"Felemban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences , Jeddah 21461 , Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed I","family":"Elsherbeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Dokki, Giza 12618 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan A","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University , Ismailia 41522 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdy S","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Dokki, Giza 12618 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiam S","family":"Abd El Halim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University , Ismailia 41522 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2831-8534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed E","family":"Abd El-Hack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University , Zagazig, 44511 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled M","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University , Ismailia 41522 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman A","family":"Swelum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Tufarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro , 70010 Valenzano, Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maher A","family":"Abo-Samra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University , Ismailia 41522 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4989","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11747-3","article-title":"Approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens: a review","volume":"28","author":"Abd El-Hack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Poll. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.21608\/ejap.2023.189621.1057","article-title":"Effect of commercial enzymes and\/or mannan oligosaccharide supplementation on productive performance, nutritive values and metabolic indices of broiler chicks","volume":"60","author":"Abd El Latif","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Anim. Prod"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2012.221.224","article-title":"Egg quality, fertility and hatchability of laying quails fed diets supplemented with organic zinc, chromium yeast or mannan-oligosaccharides","volume":"3","author":"Abd El-Samee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2023.2223211","article-title":"Effects of oligosaccharides on performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, and immunity of laying hens: a meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Adli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457708418208","article-title":"Procedures for the hemagglutination and the hemagglutination inhibition test for Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus","volume":"6","author":"Alexander","year":"1977","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0006","first-page":"17","article-title":"Shell characteristics of eggs from historic strains of single comb white leghorn chickens and the relationship of egg shape to shell strength","volume":"3","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0007","first-page":"345","article-title":"Insights on the use of butyric acid, and nucleotides as feed additives in poultry: a review","volume":"14","author":"Aziz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Adv. Vet. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27896","article-title":"Yeast cell wall mannan structural features, biological activities, and production strategies","volume":"10","author":"Baek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2021.100331","article-title":"Production factors affecting poultry carcass and meat quality attributes","volume":"16","author":"Ba\u00e9za","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of Mannan oligosaccharides and \u03b2-glucans on productive performance, egg quality and blood biochemical and hematological parameters of laying Japanese quail","volume":"35","author":"Bahakaim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Egypt. Poult. Sci. J"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0011","first-page":"124","article-title":"Egg production, egg shell quality and bone parameters in broiler breeder hens receiving Bio-Mos and Eggshell 49","volume":"79","author":"Berry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2008.969.977","article-title":"Growth performance and slaughter characteristics of broiler chickens fed with antibiotic, mannan oligosaccharide and dextran oligosaccharide supplemented diets","volume":"7","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-02023","article-title":"Performance, egg quality, and immune response of laying hens fed diets supplemented with mannan-oligosaccharide or an essential oil mixture under moderate and hot environmental conditions","volume":"91","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.4314\/sajas.v36i2.3996","article-title":"Effect of a herbal essential oil mixture on growth and internal organ weight of broilers from young and old breeder flocks","volume":"36","author":"Cabuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10050471","article-title":"Alternatives to antibiotics: a symposium on the challenges and solutions for animal health and production","volume":"10","author":"Callaway","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2004.442.445","article-title":"Mineral utilization in layers as influenced by dietary oligofructose and inulin","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11844","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911844","article-title":"Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals yeast cell wall products influence the serum proteome composition of broiler chickens","volume":"23","author":"Conlon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfx002","article-title":"Effect of yeast mannan-rich fractions on reducing Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens","volume":"26","author":"Corrigan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.120974","article-title":"Sustainability challenges and innovations in the Dutch egg sector","volume":"258","author":"De Olde","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean Prod"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.150734","article-title":"Principles and methods of preparation of platelet-rich plasma: a review and author\u2019s perspective","volume":"7","author":"Dhurat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Aesthet. Surg"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3001478","article-title":"Multiple range and multiple F-test","volume":"11","author":"Duncan","year":"1955","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0022","first-page":"413","article-title":"Effects of using eggshell waste as a calcium source in the diet of Rhode Island Red roosters on semen quality, gonadal development, plasma calcium and bone status","volume":"45","author":"Gongruttananun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Agric. Nat. Resour"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13040637","article-title":"Yeast cell wall compounds on the formation of fermentation products and fecal microbiota in cats: an in vivo and in vitro approach","volume":"13","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1501\/Vetfak_0000002445","article-title":"Effects of probiotic and prebiotic (mannan oligosaccharide) supplementation on performance, egg quality and hatchability in quail breeders","volume":"58","author":"G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ankara Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.4081\/ijas.2011.e26","article-title":"Use of yeast cell walls and Yucca schidigera extract in layer hens\u2019 diets","volume":"10","author":"Gurbuz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4172\/2167-0412-C1-009","article-title":"Management of back pain and musculoskeletal disorders of garment factory workers by yoga and naturopathy","volume":"06","author":"Gurung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Aromat. Plants"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0027","first-page":"969","article-title":"Single and combined effects of mannan oligosaccharide (mos) and dietary protein on the performance and immunity response of laying hens","volume":"27","author":"Hassan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Egypt. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.21608\/ejnf.2015.104490","article-title":"Effect of mannan oligosaccharide and vitamin E supplementation on productive performance of local strain laying hens subjected to ochratoxin-a contamination","volume":"18","author":"Hassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Egyptian J. Nutr. Feeds"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4995\/wrs.2013.1248","article-title":"Oestrus induction in primiparous lactating rabbits by a 48 hours mother-litter separation: endocrine and behavioural responses","volume":"21","author":"Il\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Rabbit Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.4314\/sajas.v47i5.10","article-title":"Effects of mannan-oligosaccharides\u2019 supplementation on hatching characteristics of four close-bred flocks of Japanese quail breeders","volume":"47","author":"Iqbal","year":"2017","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev180","article-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharides on performance, blood metabolites, ileal nutrient digestibility, and gut microflora in Escherichia coli-challenged laying hens","volume":"94","author":"Jahanian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0032","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prebiotic and probiotic-based strategies for the control of antimicrobial resistance","volume-title":"Handbook on Antimicrobial Resistance: Current Status, Trends in Detection and Mitigation Measures","author":"Joseph","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2011.483.492","article-title":"Review of the factors that influence egg fertility and hatchability in poultry","volume":"10","author":"King\u2019Ori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0034","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Internal egg quality measure for quail eggs","volume":"53","author":"Kondaiah","year":"1983","journal-title":"Indian J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0035","first-page":"119","article-title":"Probiotics and prebiotics\u2013functional ingredients for the confectionery industry","volume":"32","author":"Korkach","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chem. Technol"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13040770","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of L-carnitine and mannan-oligosaccharides on growth performance, selected carcass traits, content of basic and mineral components in liver and muscle tissues, and bone quality in Turkeys","volume":"13","author":"Kwiecie\u0144","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102660","article-title":"Dietary yeast cell wall enhanced intestinal health of broiler chickens by modulating intestinal integrity, immune responses, and microbiota","volume":"102","author":"Kyoung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0038","first-page":"701","article-title":"Antibiotics in avian care and husbandry-status and alternative antimicrobials","volume":"9","author":"Lepczy\u0144ski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys. Sci. Rev"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0279950","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279950","article-title":"Effects of nonantibiotic growth promoter combinations on growth performance, nutrient utilization, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora of broilers","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0040","first-page":"173","article-title":"Role of probiotics and prebiotics in animal nutrition. sustainable agriculture reviews:","volume":"4","author":"Limbu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anim. Biotechnol. Livest. Prod"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0041","first-page":"1","article-title":"Greenhouse gas emissions from pig and chicken supply chains\u2013A global life cycle assessment","volume":"2","author":"MacLeod","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Agri. Organ. UN"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-635X2013000400015","article-title":"Quality assessment of marketed eggs in bassekabylie (Algeria)","volume":"15","author":"Moula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Ci\u00eancia Av\u00edcola"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0043","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Poultry","author":"National Research Council, NRC","year":"1994","edition":"9"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0044","first-page":"5","article-title":"Effects of varying levels of live yeast culture on yield and some parameters in laying hen diets","volume":"81","author":"Nursoy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian Vet. J"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0045","first-page":"65","article-title":"Alternative feed additives to antibiotics in improving health and performance in poultry and for the prevention of antimicrobials: a review","volume":"6","author":"OKEY","year":"2023","journal-title":"Niger. J. Anim. Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation9070693","article-title":"Potential effects of prebiotics on gastrointestinal and immunological modulation in the feeding of healthy dogs: a review","volume":"9","author":"Perini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fermentation"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10532528.2003.10559810","article-title":"What can animal models tell us about human sexual response","volume":"14","author":"Pfaus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sex. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.55544\/jrasb.3.1.28","article-title":"Nutritional value of eggs in human diet","volume":"3","author":"Rafed","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0049","first-page":"59","article-title":"Immunomodulators to prevent diseases and minimize","volume-title":"Immun. Aqua. Fish Health","author":"Rajesh","year":"2024"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.17957\/IJAB\/15.0182","article-title":"Immunological and Therapeutic Evaluation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Derived Beta-glucans against Coccidiosis in Chicken","volume":"18","author":"Rizwan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Biol"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.101745","article-title":"Performance and environmental impact of egg production in response to dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide in laying hens: a meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Salami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-03900-8","article-title":"The effectiveness of Bio-plus2B\u00ae, Techno Mos\u00ae and their mixture on the rate of egg production, egg characteristics, retention of nutrients and blood metabolites through the early period of production","volume":"20","author":"Salem","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117692","article-title":"An application for the classification of egg quality and haugh unit based on characteristic egg features using machine learning models","volume":"205","author":"Sehirli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2014.70.75","article-title":"Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic or prebiotic on growth performance, organ weight, blood parameters and antibody titers against influenza and newcastle in broiler chickens","volume":"13","author":"Shahir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03029","article-title":"\u03b2-1, 3\/1, 6-Glucan alleviated intestinal mucosal barrier impairment of broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium","volume":"92","author":"Shao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.8.1319","article-title":"Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on broiler breeder production traits and immunity","volume":"82","author":"Shashidhara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.pjz\/20190519110533","article-title":"Effects of immune modulators on the immune status of broiler chickens","volume":"52","author":"Sheikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak. J. Zool"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0058","first-page":"1433","article-title":"Probiotic and prebiotic supplementation improving the production performance and immune characteristics of laying hens","volume":"52","author":"Sheoran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Anim. Res"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0059","first-page":"1","article-title":"Incorporation of recovered food and food scraps into poultry feed: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Simmons","year":"2023","journal-title":"CABI Rev"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/jan.2015.6","article-title":"A review of 733 published trials on Bio-Mos\u00ae, a mannan oligosaccharide, and Actigen\u00ae, a second generation mannose rich fraction, on farm and companion animals","volume":"3","author":"Spring","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Nutr"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/79.2.205","article-title":"The effects of dietary manna oligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks","volume":"79","author":"Spring","year":"2000","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0062","volume-title":"SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0","author":"SPSS","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0063","first-page":"62","article-title":"Single and combined effects of dietary protease and mannan oligosaccharide on the performance of laying hens","volume":"79","author":"Stanley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0064","first-page":"262","article-title":"Effect of prebiotics on immunological processes in animals","volume":"64","author":"Szyma\u0144ska-Czerwi\u0144ska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Weter"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14853","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c03923","article-title":"Dietary fiber and its potential role in obesity: a focus on modulating the gut microbiota","volume":"71","author":"Tian","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12610-016-0034-7","article-title":"Gut Endotoxin Leading to a Decline IN Gonadal function (GELDING) a novel theory for the development of late-onset hypogonadism in obese men","volume":"26","author":"Tremellen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Androl"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0067","first-page":"435","volume-title":"Feed additives to combat intestinal diseases in antibiotic-free poultry farming. in sustainable use of feed additives in livestock: novel ways for animal production","author":"Tsiouris","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0068","first-page":"32","article-title":"The effect of oligochitosan on broiler gut glora, microvilli density, immune function and growth performance","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta. Zoonutrimenta Sinica"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102785","article-title":"Modulation of the immune system of chickens a key factor in maintaining poultry production, a review","volume":"102","author":"Wlazlak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0070","first-page":"06","article-title":"The effects of low-intensity red laser irradiation on hatching eggs in chicken and quail","volume":"1","author":"Yakimenko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612829666230904150759","article-title":"Macrophage-targeted nanomedicine for sepsis: diagnosis and therapy","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933909000087","article-title":"Dietary modulation of gut microflora in broiler chickens: a review of the role of six kinds of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"World's Poult. Sci. J"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660801998613","article-title":"Effects of mannan oligosaccharide in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, energy utilization, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora","volume":"49","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101143","article-title":"The potential mechanistic insights and future implications for the effect of prebiotics on poultry performance, gut microbiome, and intestinal morphology","volume":"100","author":"Yaqoob","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103601","article-title":"Influence of using synbiotics by various routes on Mandarah male chicks: Intestinal bacterial counts, gut morphology and histological status","volume":"103","author":"Youssef","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103071","article-title":"Influence of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides supplementation on hematological characteristics, blood biochemical parameters, immune response and histological state of laying hens","volume":"102","author":"Youssef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102834","article-title":"Immune response, hematological traits, biochemical blood parameters and histological status of laying hens influenced by dietary chitosan-oligosaccharides","volume":"102","author":"Youssef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0078","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of dietary chitosan-oligosaccharides supplementation on productive and reproductive performance of laying hens","volume":"1","author":"Youssef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024091413270096200_CIT0079","first-page":"10","article-title":"The interplay of microbiome dysbiosis and cardiovascular disease","volume":"3","author":"Zaher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiol. Rev"}],"container-title":["Translational Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/tas\/txae123\/58895147\/txae123.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/tas\/txae123\/59122274\/txae123.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/tas\/txae123\/59122274\/txae123.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T20:39:09Z","timestamp":1732653549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/tas\/txae123\/7739230"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"references-count":79,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tas\/txae123","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-2102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-2102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"article-number":"txae123"}}