{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:06:03Z","timestamp":1780581963874,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21MD016126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21MD016126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01NR014831-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01NR014831-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>American Indian and Alaska Natives (AI\/ANs) are disproportionately impacted by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), subsequent type 2 diabetes, and food insecurity. It is prudent to decrease risk of GDM prior to pregnancy to decrease the intergenerational cycle of diabetes in AI\/AN communities. The purpose of this project is to describe and examine food insecurity, healthy eating self-efficacy, and healthy eating behaviors among AI\/AN females (12\u201324 years old) as related to GDM risk reduction. Methods included: secondary analysis of healthy eating self-efficacy and behaviors, and household-level food insecurity measures from an randomized controlled trial that tested the effect of engagement in a GDM risk reduction educational intervention on knowledge, behavior, and self-efficacy for GDM risk reduction from baseline to 3-month follow-up. Participants were AI\/AN daughters (12\u201324 years old) and their mothers (N = 149 dyads). Researchers found that more than one-third (38.1%) reported food insecurity. At baseline food insecurity was associated with higher levels of eating vegetables and fruit for the full sample (p = .045) and cohabitating dyads (p = .002). By 3 months healthy eating self-efficacy (p = .048) and limiting snacking between meals (p = .031) improved more in the control group than the intervention group only for cohabitating dyads. For the full sample, the intervention group had increases in times eating vegetables (p = .022) and fruit (p = .015), whereas the control group had declines. In the full sample, food insecurity did not moderate the group by time interaction for self-efficacy for healthy eating (p \u2265 .05) but did moderate the group by time interaction for times drinking soda (p = .004) and days eating breakfast (p = .013). For cohabitating dyads, food insecurity did moderate self-efficacy for eating 3 meals a day (p = .024) and days eating breakfast (p = .012). These results suggest food insecurity is an important factor regarding the efficacy of interventions designed to reduce GDM risk and offer unique insight on \u201cupstream causes\u201d of GDM health disparities among AI\/AN communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibad029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T23:19:09Z","timestamp":1687648749000},"page":"645-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relationship between food insecurity and a gestational diabetes risk reduction intervention: outcomes among American Indian and Alaska Native adolescent and young adult females"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4107-3313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A","family":"Stotz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado School of Public Health, Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health , Aurora, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana E","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Education Advancing Community Health (IREACH) at the Elson S. 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M","family":"Sereika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing , Pittsburgh, PA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The Stopping GDM Study 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