{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:10:05Z","timestamp":1761491405808,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 109-2311-B-033-001","MOST 110-2314-B-715-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2311-B-033-001","MOST 110-2314-B-715-012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The health and environmental impacts of the increasing commercial use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a growing concern. Methyl mercury (MeHg) is a potent toxin that biotransforms from mercury or inorganic mercury compounds in waterways and causes dangerous environmental contamination. However, the potential interactions and combined effects of AgNPs and MeHg are yet to be established. In the current study, we showed that low\/non-embryotoxic doses of AgNPs and MeHg interact synergistically to induce embryotoxicity and further explored the underlying mechanisms affecting mouse embryo development. Notably, co-treatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of AgNPs (10 \u03bcM) and MeHg (0.1\u00a0\u03bcM) triggered apoptotic processes and embryotoxicity in mouse blastocysts and evoked intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was effectively blocked by preincubation with 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (trolox), a classic antioxidant. Further experiments demonstrated that ROS serve as a key upstream inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic processes in AgNP\/MeHg-induced injury of mouse embryo implantation and pre- and postimplantation development. Our results collectively indicate that AgNP and MeHg at non-embryotoxic concentrations can synergistically evoke ROS, ultimately causing embryotoxicity through promotion of ER stress and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling cascades.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfac028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T19:10:20Z","timestamp":1651691420000},"page":"460-474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Low-dose silver nanoparticles plus methyl mercury exert embryotoxic effects on mouse blastocysts via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chien-Hsun","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health & Welfare , Zhongshan Road, Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City 33004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu-Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9999-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Hsiung","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology , , Zhongbei Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chung Yuan Christian University , , Zhongbei Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022063008561985700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-016-9967-8","article-title":"Mini-review: toxicity of mercury as a consequence of enzyme alteration","volume":"29","author":"Ynalvez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"2022063008561985700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.2012.45.6.353","article-title":"Methylmercury exposure and health effects","volume":"45","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Prev Med Public Health"},{"issue":"15","key":"2022063008561985700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8077","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b00854","article-title":"Fractionation of mercury stable isotopes during microbial methylmercury production by iron- and sulfate-reducing 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