{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:19:31Z","timestamp":1753877971092,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University Research Expenses","award":["KYYW202128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYW202128"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007194","name":"Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y20210253","Y20190703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y20210253","Y20190703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007194","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22H040008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22H040008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Morphine is an analgesic in the opiate family, isolated from many plants. It can inhibit androgen biosynthesis by Leydig cells. Whether morphine directly inhibits androgen biosynthesis and underlying mechanism remains unclear. To investigate the influence of morphine on androgen secretion by rat immature Leydig cells (ILCs) and possible mechanism. Rat ILCs were treated with 0.5\u201350\u00a0\u03bcM morphine for 3\u00a0h in vitro. Morphine at \u22650.5\u00a0\u03bcM significantly reduced total androgen secretion. Morphine at 50\u00a0\u03bcM also compromised luteinizing hormone (LH, 10\u00a0mg\/kg), 8Br-cAMP (1\u00a0mM), and 22R-hydroxycholesterol (20\u00a0\u03bcM) stimulated total androgen, androstanediol, and testosterone secretion, without affecting pregnenolone, progesterone, androstenedione mediated androgen secretion and testosterone and dihydrotestosterone mediated androstanediol secretion. Further analysis revealed that morphine at \u22650.5\u00a0\u03bcM downregulated Star expression and at \u22655\u00a0\u03bcM downregulated Cyp11a1 expression. Morphine also significantly reduced STAR (\u22650.5\u00a0\u03bcM) and reduced CYP11A1 (\u22655\u00a0\u03bcM) levels. 0.5\u00a0\u03bcM naloxone significantly antagonized morphine-mediated action. In conclusion, morphine might cause side effects by suppressing androgen biosynthesis via u opioid receptor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfae001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T08:36:17Z","timestamp":1706258177000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Morphine compromises androgen biosynthesis by immature Leydig cells from pubertal rat testes in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital , Zhejiang, Ningbo 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaoyao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"},{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"},{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"},{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine , the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital; Key Laboratory of Pediatric 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Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, , Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325027 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325000 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2024012608360719100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4110","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.113.115113","article-title":"Morphine biosynthesis in opium poppy involves two cell types: sieve elements and laticifers","volume":"25","author":"Onoyovwe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2024012608360719100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00306-B","article-title":"Kappa opioid inhibition of 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