{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T21:31:29Z","timestamp":1785792689772,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMPO) is the most familiar type of osteoporosis, a silent bone disease. Casticin, a natural flavonoid constituent, improves osteoporosis in animal model. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism remains to be further explored.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A model of PMPO was established in rats treated with ovariectomy (OVX) and RAW 264.7 cells induced with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). The effect and potential mechanism of casticin on PMPO were addressed by pathological staining, measurement of bone mineral density (BMD), three-point bending test, serum biochemical detection, filamentous-actin (F-actin) ring staining, TRAcP staining, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot and examination of oxidative stress indicators.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The casticin treatment increased the femoral trabecular area, bone maturity, BMD, elastic modulus, maximum load, the level of calcium and estrogen with the reduced concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 in OVX rats. An enhancement in the F-actin ring formation, TRAcP staining and the relative mRNA expression of NFATc1 and TRAP was observed in RANKL-induced RAW 264.7 cells, which was declined by the treatment of casticin. Moreover, the casticin treatment reversed the reduced the relative protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 and the concentrations of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and the increased content of malondialdehyde both in vivo and in vitro.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Casticin improved bone density, bone biomechanics, the level of calcium and estrogen, the release of pro-inflammatory factor and oxidative stress to alleviate osteoporosis, which was associated with the upregulation of Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfae064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T01:41:36Z","timestamp":1714182096000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Anti-osteoporosis activity of casticin in ovariectomized rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0718-8434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7618-881X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8495-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuejia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8231-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9852-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , 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of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8923-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhichao","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8286-7231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1033-9063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanting","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7017-6510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7611-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , No. 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437 , China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics , 2. Tongren Hospital, , No. 1111 Xianxia Road, Changning District, Shanghai 200336 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 2. Tongren Hospital, , No. 1111 Xianxia Road, Changning District, Shanghai 200336 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2024042701412547900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00859-8","article-title":"Liver\u2013bone crosstalk implicated in osteoporosis progression","volume":"19","author":"Tysoe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9773","key":"2024042701412547900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62349-5","article-title":"Osteoporosis: now and the future","volume":"377","author":"Rachner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024042701412547900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2520","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2269","article-title":"The recent prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass in the United States based on bone mineral density at the femoral neck or lumbar spine","volume":"29","author":"Wright","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024042701412547900_ref4","first-page":"151","article-title":"Rare causes of osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Marcucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab"},{"key":"2024042701412547900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316783","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/316783","article-title":"Silicon: a review of its potential role in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"2013","author":"Price","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024042701412547900_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"17","year":"2000","journal-title":"NIH Consens Statement"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024042701412547900_ref7","first-page":"2","article-title":"Osteoporosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"93","author":"Iqbal","year":"2000","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024042701412547900_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0135-9","article-title":"The population burden of fractures originates in women with osteopenia, not osteoporosis","volume":"17","author":"Pasco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024042701412547900_ref9","first-page":"3155","article-title":"Prioritization of candidate metabolites for postmenopausal osteoporosis using multi-omics composite network","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024042701412547900_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1374610","article-title":"Current controversies in clinical management of postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"122","author":"Kerschan-Schindl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024042701412547900_ref11","first-page":"115","article-title":"Management of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the prevention of fractures","volume":"56","author":"Gambacciani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Panminerva Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024042701412547900_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1513724","article-title":"Clinical practice. 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