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A systematic search was conducted across seven electronic databases, namely PubMed, Cochrane Library, Excerpt Medica Database, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan-fang Database, to identify eligible studies from 2,000 to 2,023. This study includes a total of 14 randomized controlled clinical trials, with 514 patients in the TCM combo therapy group and 506 patients in the control group. The meta-analysis demonstrated the efficacy of combining TCM in oral and injectable forms with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors, with or without chemotherapy, in enhancing objective response rate, disease control rate, and quality of life in patients with NSCLC. Additionally, this combination therapy improved the proportion of CD3\u2009+\u2009T cells and CD4\u2009+\u2009T cells, as well as the ratio of CD4+\/CD8\u2009+\u2009T lymphocytes. The group receiving combined treatment with TCM successfully decreased the expression of the tumor marker CYFRA21-1. The group receiving combination therapy with TCM decreased the probability of experiencing adverse effects such as nausea, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and exhaustion in patients. Additionally, this treatment did not place additional strain on the liver and kidney functions. The integration of TCM techniques that nourishing yin and replenishing qi with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors greatly enhances the clinical effectiveness and safety of treating NSCLC. Additionally, the combination of Chinese and Western drugs improves the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfaf013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T16:41:59Z","timestamp":1737909719000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing yin and Replenishing qi in combination with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of NSCLC patients: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 71 Baoshan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang Guizhou 550001 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