{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:48:49Z","timestamp":1792464529838,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aluminum (Al) is a widely accessible environmental and industrial element that finds routes of exposure through inhalation of airborne particles, ingestion of contaminated food and water, dermal and medical applications. Chronic and acute exposure lead to systemic accumulation of Al that induce aluminum toxicity. Exposure to Al exerts diverse toxicological effects, including oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, genotoxicity, pro-inflammatory activity, protein misfolding, enzymatic inhibition, metabolic imbalance, membrane dysfunction and induction of apoptosis and necrosis. The Al toxicity is associated with a wide range of pathologies such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular complications, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, hematologic, hepato-renal and neurodegenerative diseases and reproductive and developmental disorders, genotoxicity as well as endocrine and pancreatic necrosis. This comprehensive review narrates multifactorial nature of Al toxicity emphasizing role of reactive oxygen species in pathogenesis and significances of Al exposure in high-risk populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfaf167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T12:26:56Z","timestamp":1763382416000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Aluminum toxicity: a comprehensive narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0104-197X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavitra","family":"Behra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Ratanpur Road, Koni- Bilaspur, CG 495009 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5213-2433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Bhadauria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Ratanpur Road, Koni- Bilaspur, CG 495009 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0468-1870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satendra Kumar","family":"Nirala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Rural Technology and Social Development, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Ratanpur Road, Koni- Bilaspur CG, 495009 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref1","first-page":"464","volume-title":"The environmental chemistry of aluminum","author":"Sposito","year":"1995","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1201\/9780138736781-7","article-title":"The surface chemistry of aluminum oxides and hydroxides","author":"Goldberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Chem Alumin"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref3","article-title":"Toxicological profile for aluminum","author":"Ingerman"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1080\/01932691.2021.1914647","article-title":"Corrosion inhibition of aluminum in sodium hydroxide solutions using some inorganic anions","volume":"43","author":"Abd El Wanees","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Disper Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1007\/s11837-017-2554-9","article-title":"Current and future uses of aluminum in the automotive industry","volume":"69","author":"Long","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jom."},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5740","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175740","article-title":"Determination and removal of selected pharmaceuticals and total organic carbon from surface water by aluminum chlorohydrate coagulant","volume":"27","author":"Kuc","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol."},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2018.09.017","article-title":"Metal regulation of metabolism","volume":"49","author":"Bloom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Chem Biol"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s41918-020-00065-4","article-title":"Recent developments for aluminum\u2013air batteries","volume":"3","author":"Mori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrochemi Ener Revi (EER)"},{"key":"2025112823172247700_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315669724","volume-title":"The world aluminum industry in a changing energy era. 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