{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:17:38Z","timestamp":1791443858870,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Council of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Cinvestav Budget"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Temephos is an organophosphorus pesticide used in control campaigns against vectors that transmit diseases, including dengue, a public health concern. The WHO classifies temephos in category III and its safe concentration (low-observable-adverse-effect level) in male rats is 100\u2009mg\/kg\/day for up to 44\u2009days. Temephos inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and is metabolized in different tissues, probably by mixed-function oxidases; one of its metabolites is bisphenol S (BPS), which is considered an endocrine disruptor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of temephos on sperm function and its biotransformation in the testis, epididymis, and other tissues to explore its toxicity in rats treated with 100\u2009mg\/kg\/day\/5 or 7\u2009days (gavage). AChE activity was inhibited 70% starting on day 3 and 13 or 41% mortality was observed at 5 or 7\u2009days, respectively. After 7\u2009days, temephos significantly decreased sperm motility (30%) and viability (10%) and increased (10%) lipoperoxidation, and the sperm DNA exhibited no damage. Temephos was distributed and metabolized in all tissues, with the highest levels observed in the adipose tissue and temephos levels were 16-fold higher in the epididymis than in the testis. Notably, BPS was observed in the testis. At 5\u2009days, decreased sperm motility (12.5%) and viability (5.7%) were observed and sperm fertilization decreased (30%). These results suggest that temephos decreases sperm quality and fertilization capacity at recommended safe concentrations and that it is metabolized in male reproductive tissues. This pesticide places the reproductive health of exposed people at risk, suggesting the need to reevaluate its toxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfab100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T11:25:18Z","timestamp":1628594718000},"page":"57-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Temephos Decreases Sperm Quality and Fertilization Rate and Is Metabolized in Rat Reproductive Tissues at Low-Dose Exposure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Ramos-Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Camacho-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Sierra-Santoyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda de Jes\u00fas","family":"Sol\u00eds-Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Alberto","family":"Verd\u00edn-Betancourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyda Yuliana","family":"Parra-Forero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Toxicolog\u00eda, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma de Lourdes","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betzabet","family":"Quintanilla-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021103112181691700_kfab100-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-015-0032-1","article-title":"A unique view on male infertility around the globe","volume":"13","author":"Agarwal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. 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