{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:08:00Z","timestamp":1770833280681,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01NS127746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01NS127746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14S-RCS-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14S-RCS-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Administration of high-dose vitamin K1 (VK1) overcomes coagulopathy and bleeding elicited by acute poisoning with long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides (LAARs). However, long-term (months) treatment is required due to long LAAR biological half-lives that may lead to poor compliance and recurrent coagulopathy. The half-lives of LAARs are extended by slow metabolism, and similar to warfarin, are thought to undergo enterohepatic recirculation. We now show that treatment with the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine (CSA) administered concomitantly with VK1 decreases plasma LAAR levels and increases LAAR fecal excretion. Daily CSA treatment for 14\u2009days did not reduce plasma VK1 levels, or increase prothrombin time. Collectively, these data show that CSA accelerates LAAR clearance from rabbits without adverse effects on VK1 anticoagulation, and could provide an additional therapeutic option for treatment of LAAR poisoning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfae053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T19:45:37Z","timestamp":1712864737000},"page":"137-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Short-term treatment with cholestyramine increases long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide clearance from rabbits without affecting plasma vitamin K1 levels or blood coagulation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Ruth N","family":"Muchiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackie","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Tandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongmei Luo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Alemani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4632-9784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Intakhar","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Lindeblad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Rubinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2016-0063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard B","family":"van Breemen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-2885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas L","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041100303768000_kfae053-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1159\/000137881","article-title":"Dispositional and pharmacodynamic characteristics of brodifacoum in warfarin-sensitive rats","volume":"27","author":"Bachmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"2025041100303768000_kfae053-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7140a5","article-title":"Notes from the field: Coagulopathy associated with brodifacoum poisoning\u2014Florida, December 2021","volume":"71","author":"Coble","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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