{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T23:53:06Z","timestamp":1787356386458,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32ES01984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ES01984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES004738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES004738"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES033698"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES033698"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08ES031678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08ES031678"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES005022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES005022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ozone is an urban air pollutant known to cause lung injury and altered function. Using established models of acute (0.8\u2009ppm, 3\u2009h) and episodic (1.5\u2009ppm, 2\u2009h, 2 times\/wk, 6\u2009wk) inhalation exposure, we observed distinct structural changes in the lung; whereas acutely, ozone primarily disrupts the bronchiolar epithelial barrier, episodic exposure causes airway remodeling. Herein we examined how these responses altered pulmonary function. A SCIREQ small animal ventilator was used to assess lung function; impedance was used to conditionally model resistance and elastance. Episodic, but not acute ozone exposure reduced the inherent and frequency-dependent tissue recoil (elastance) of the lung. Episodic ozone also increased central and high-frequency resistance relative to air control after methacholine challenge, indicating airway hyperresponsiveness. Pressure-volume (PV)-loops showed that episodic ozone increased maximum lung volume, whereas acute ozone decreased lung volume. Episodic ozone-induced functional changes were accompanied by increases in alveolar circularization; conversely, minimal histopathology was observed after acute exposure. However, acute ozone exposure caused increases in total phospholipids, total surfactant protein D (SP-D), and low-molecular weight SP-D in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Episodic ozone exposure only increased total SP-D. These findings demonstrate that acute and episodic ozone exposure caused distinct alterations in surfactant composition and pulmonary function. Whereas loss in PV-loop area following acute ozone exposure is likely driven by increases in SP-D and inflammation, emphysematous pathology and airway hyperresponsiveness after episodic ozone appear to be the result of alterations in lung structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfae162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T19:24:41Z","timestamp":1736623481000},"page":"70-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Inhaled ozone induces distinct alterations in pulmonary function in models of acute and episodic exposure in female mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"204","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6489-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan M","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University , Piscataway, NJ 08854,","place":["United 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