{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:08:49Z","timestamp":1792786129308,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foshan Self-Financed Science and Technology Innovation Project","award":["2320001006342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2320001006342"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Project of Foshan Municipal Health Bureau","award":["20210190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210190"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are pervasive environmental pollutants. However, their impact on sarcopenia, a condition characterized by progressive muscle loss and closely linked to numerous adverse health outcomes, remains poorly understood. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011 to 2018), we analyzed 16 urinary metabolites of VOCs, adjusted for creatinine, to explore potential associations between VOC exposure and sarcopenia. Our findings consistently revealed a positive correlation across statistical models, with 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (a cyanide metabolite) contributing the greatest weight to the overall association. Subgroup analyses revealed particularly robust associations among younger women (\u226450\u2009years) and individuals with obesity (BMI \u226530), with inflammatory pathways emerging as key mediators. Through network toxicology, we identified pivotal targets and pathways involved in immune response, infection defense, apoptosis, and metabolic regulation. Notably, natural compounds such as quercetin have emerged as promising candidates for mitigating sarcopenia risk or slowing its progression. Together, these findings not only advance our understanding of the environmental determinants of sarcopenia but also highlight opportunities for targeted interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaf077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T07:43:54Z","timestamp":1748504634000},"page":"373-387","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Environmental exposome meets muscle wasting: unraveling the VOC-sarcopenia nexus through urinary metabolomics, inflammatory mediation, and network pharmacology in the NHANES cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"Mingjie","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runmin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9147-1961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan 528300,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-206927","article-title":"Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C (PTPRC or CD45)","volume":"74","author":"Al Barashdi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2022.116539","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in sarcopenia","volume":"164","author":"Al Saedi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx089","article-title":"Resveratrol enhances exercise-induced cellular and functional adaptations of skeletal muscle in older men and women","volume":"72","author":"Alway","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8244153","article-title":"Alterations in nerve and muscle compound action potentials after acute acrylamide administration","volume":"44","author":"Anderson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101966","article-title":"Neuromuscular junction transmission failure in aging and sarcopenia: the nexus of the neurological and muscular systems","volume":"89","author":"Arnold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.96104s5871","article-title":"Measurement of volatile organic compounds in human blood","volume":"104","author":"Ashley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2019.1633718","article-title":"Evaluation of potential health effects associated with occupational and environmental exposure to styrene\u2014an update","volume":"22","author":"Banton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2850","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092850","article-title":"Quercetin supplementation improves neuromuscular function recovery from muscle damage","volume":"12","author":"Bazzucchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(23)00270-2","article-title":"The influence of physical activity on sarcopenia","volume":"5","author":"Beaudart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.01.019","article-title":"Quantification of 31 volatile organic compounds in whole blood using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"832","author":"Blount","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-018-0413-y","article-title":"Statistical software for analyzing the health effects of multiple concurrent exposures via bayesian kernel machine regression","volume":"17","author":"Bobb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13627","article-title":"Nfkb1: a suppressor of inflammation, ageing and cancer","volume":"283","author":"Cartwright","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.014506","article-title":"Preserving healthy muscle during weight loss","volume":"8","author":"Cava","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12362","article-title":"Adverse effects of acrolein, a ubiquitous environmental toxicant, on muscle regeneration and mass","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31138-9","article-title":"Sarcopenia","volume":"393","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.11.011","article-title":"The interplay between sarcopenia and portal hypertension predicts ascites and mortality in cirrhosis","volume":"55","author":"Dajti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064071","article-title":"Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"147","author":"Damluji","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2004.04.010","article-title":"Styrene 7,8-oxide induces mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in neurons","volume":"201","author":"Dar\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B19","first-page":"762","article-title":"A novel phospholipid delivery system of curcumin (meriva\u00ae) preserves muscular mass in healthy aging subjects","volume":"20","author":"Franceschi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-081022-021207","article-title":"Structural mechanisms of nlrp3 inflammasome assembly and activation","volume":"41","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109529","article-title":"Lagged wqs regression for mixtures with many components","volume":"186","author":"Gennings","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.2273","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk reduction: How low is low enough without causing harm?","volume":"3","author":"Gotto","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13141","article-title":"Irisin ameliorates age-associated sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400601","article-title":"Allotopic expression of a mitochondrial alternative oxidase confers cyanide resistance to human cell respiration","volume":"7","author":"Hakkaart","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.112.046698","article-title":"Cyp2e1 metabolism of styrene involves allostery","volume":"40","author":"Hartman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.133005","article-title":"Association between manganese exposure in heavy metals mixtures and the prevalence of sarcopenia in us adults from nhanes 2011-2018","volume":"464","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.8b00400","article-title":"Prospects and challenges of volatile organic compound sensors in human healthcare","volume":"3","author":"Jalal","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Sens"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122380","article-title":"Acrolein induces mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in muscle and adipose tissues in vitro and in vivo","volume":"336","author":"Jhuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/57.1.6","article-title":"The molecular effects of acrolein","volume":"57","author":"Kehrer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7080","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c10827","article-title":"Sensors for volatile organic compounds","volume":"16","author":"Khatib","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108991","article-title":"National secular trends in ambient air volatile organic compound levels and biomarkers of exposure in the United States","volume":"182","author":"Konkle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111864","article-title":"Exposure to volatile organic compounds may be associated with oxidative DNA damage-mediated childhood asthma","volume":"210","author":"Kuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac249","article-title":"Is ambient air pollution associated with sarcopenia? Results from a nation-wide cross-sectional study","volume":"51","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102443","article-title":"Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene","volume":"306","author":"Lan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k2575","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2575","article-title":"Predicted lean body mass, fat mass, and all cause and cause specific mortality in men: prospective us cohort study","volume":"362","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03911-4","article-title":"Sex differences in the association between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment in the older Korean population","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2019.09.007","article-title":"Platelet and white blood cell count are independently associated with sarcopenia: anationwide population-based study","volume":"183","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.137738","article-title":"The association analysis between exposure to volatile organic chemicals and obesity in the general USA population: a cross-sectional study from nhanes program","volume":"315","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enceco.2021.01.001","article-title":"A review of environmental occurrence, toxicity, biotransformation and biomonitoring of volatile organic compounds","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Environ Chem Ecotoxicol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12901","article-title":"Pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13098","article-title":"Maternal rodent exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate decreases muscle mass in the offspring by increasing myostatin","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6753","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S122047","article-title":"A polyethylenimine-modified carboxyl-poly(styrene\/acrylamide) copolymer nanosphere for co-delivering of CpG and TGF-\u03b2 receptor I inhibitor with remarkable additive tumor regression effect against liver cancer in mice","volume":"11","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9060117","article-title":"Effects of acrylamide-induced vasorelaxation and neuromuscular blockage: a rodent study","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010063","article-title":"Sarcopenia and diabetes: a detrimental liaison of advancing age","volume":"16","author":"Lisco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101852","article-title":"A cross-talk between sestrins, chronic inflammation and cellular senescence governs the development of age-associated sarcopenia and obesity","volume":"86","author":"Livshits","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102267","article-title":"Restoration of epigenetic impairment in the skeletal muscle and chronic inflammation resolution as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia","volume":"96","author":"Livshits","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-23-0116","article-title":"Postmenopausal osteoporosis coexisting with sarcopenia: The role and mechanisms of estrogen","volume":"259","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M911","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.10.M911","article-title":"Sarcopenia: causes, consequences, and preventions","volume":"58","author":"Marcell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(99)80191-2","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) is required for centrosome duplication in mammalian cells","volume":"9","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6106","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076106","article-title":"Inflammation, mitochondria and natural compounds together in the circle of trust","volume":"24","author":"Nesci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2018.10.017","article-title":"HDL and cardiovascular disease","volume":"51","author":"Nicholls","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3519","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103519","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia","volume":"13","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B53","author":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation","year":"2000"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.15072","article-title":"Urinary odor molecules in the Otassha study can distinguish patients with sarcopenia: a pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Oka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912217","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.912217","article-title":"Effects of quercetin glycoside supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training on muscle quantity and stiffness: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Otsuka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-07-746396","article-title":"DNA damage responses and p53 in the aging process","volume":"131","author":"Ou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101832","article-title":"The role of caspase-8 in inflammatory signalling and pyroptotic cell death","volume":"70","author":"Pang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.03.022","article-title":"Nrf2 and the hallmarks of cancer","volume":"34","author":"Rojo de la Vega","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.3.330","article-title":"Loss of appendicular muscle mass and loss of muscle strength in young postmenopausal women","volume":"62","author":"Rolland","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6209","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16136","article-title":"Understanding mcl1: from cellular function and regulation to pharmacological inhibition","volume":"289","author":"Sancho","year":"2022","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.174924","article-title":"A review of disrupted biological response associated with volatile organic compound exposure: insight into identification of biomarkers","volume":"948","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37s","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00115-1","article-title":"Role and regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 during inflammation","volume":"106","author":"Simon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.05.006","article-title":"Tlr2 as a therapeutic target in bacterial infection","volume":"26","author":"Simpson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2022.101106","article-title":"Cathepsin S (CTSS) activity in health and disease\u2014a treasure trove of untapped clinical potential","volume":"88","author":"Smyth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa077","article-title":"Relationship between sarcopenia and orthostatic hypotension","volume":"49","author":"Soysal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-022-01450-3","article-title":"Sarcopenia: how to measure, when and why","volume":"127","author":"Tagliafico","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.163840","article-title":"The effects of obesity on skeletal muscle contractile function","volume":"221","author":"Tallis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.01.025","article-title":"Sarcopenia and frailty in decompensated cirrhosis","volume":"75","author":"Tandon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2019.11.008","article-title":"Repeated holdout validation for weighted quantile sum regression","volume":"6","author":"Tanner","year":"2019","journal-title":"MethodsX"},{"issue":"Spec No","key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B70","first-page":"113","article-title":"Strength and aerobic training attenuate muscle wasting and improve resistance to the development of disability with aging","volume":"50","author":"Tseng","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-1738(99)00016-X","article-title":"Current status of acrolein as a lipid peroxidation product","volume":"9","author":"Uchida","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2020.4778","article-title":"The efficacy of the novel bioavailable curcumin (Cureit) in the management of sarcopenia in healthy elderly subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study","volume":"24","author":"Varma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13522","article-title":"The life-course changes in muscle mass using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: the China BCL study and the US NHANES study","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9135","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.104168","article-title":"Consumption of chilies and sweet peppers is associated with lower risk of sarcopenia in older adults","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076664","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1076664","article-title":"Multiple statistical models reveal specific volatile organic compounds affect sex hormones in American adult male: NHANES 2013\u20132016","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154362","article-title":"Association between mixed exposure of phthalates and cognitive function among the U.S. elderly from NHANES 2011\u20132014: three statistical models","volume":"828","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167915","article-title":"Serum HDL partially mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES","volume":"907","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500374","article-title":"Human respiratory uptake of chloroform and haloketones during showering","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115664","article-title":"Oxidative stress: roles in skeletal muscle atrophy","volume":"214","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107239","article-title":"Association between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances concentrations and common cold among children and adolescents in the United States","volume":"164","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"2025081219530051200_kfaf077-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.136208","article-title":"Association of volatile organic compounds co-exposure with bone health indicators and potential mediators","volume":"308","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["Toxicological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaf077\/63479044\/kfaf077.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article-pdf\/206\/2\/373\/63479044\/kfaf077.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article-pdf\/206\/2\/373\/63479044\/kfaf077.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T23:53:19Z","timestamp":1755042799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article\/206\/2\/373\/8161066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaf077","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-6080","1096-0929"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-6080","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-0929","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]}}}