{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T11:56:19Z","timestamp":1790942179785,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multi-omic investigations into environmental effects on health and disease are aided by inclusion of microbial microbiomes with assessment of mirobes producing metabolites that differentially modulate host organ functions. The gut microbiome is key because many environmental toxicants enter the body orally and may disrupt gut microbes that help digest food, as well as the microbiome\u2013gut\u2013brain axis, which produces regulatory metabolites with systemic effects. Environmental stressors may differentially alter brain development and function, even among identical twins, in that over time, there may be divergence due to epigenetic effects from the environment, including microbes within the microbiome. The diversity of microbiomes is presented as playing a key role in the influence of organs on each other, health, and the development of disorders. The gut microbes and their metabolites may cause mitochondria to produce less ATP and more reactive oxygen species (ROS). The metabolites produced by microbes during the digestion of foods can nourish or harm a person\u2019s cellular and molecular functions and vary depending on each person\u2019s exposome. The detrimental effects of environmental stressors are discussed, focusing on how altered levels of neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and the inflammatory\/anti-inflammatory balance affect health and disorders. During ATP production, dysfunctional mitochondria may produce more ROS, which can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress, causing cell damage and disrupting products needed for neuronal development, connections, and functions. The balance between inflammatory\/anti-inflammatory biomarkers and metabolites and between oxidants\/antioxidants is discussed in relation to some clinical connections; for example, the proportions of CD4 and CD8 T cells in HIV patients and the ROS-to-glutathione ratio in inflammatory bowel disease and septic patients. These imbalances are reviewed regarding brain development and functions leading to anxiety, depression, and dementia. The integration of multi-omics, dysbiosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction with a person\u2019s clinical evaluation is discussed to inform the formulation of prevention measures and therapeutic interventions regarding environmental effects on the microbiome\u2013gut\u2013brain axis and physical and mental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfag034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T04:42:35Z","timestamp":1773981755000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Integrating exposomics and multi-omics with dysbiosis biomarkers for clinical and environmental connections implicated in neuropathology. Cause and cure cluses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"209","author":[{"given":"Hajar","family":"Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany , Albany, NY 12222,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marah","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albany Medical Center , Albany, NY 12208,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany , Albany, NY 12222,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany , Albany, NY 12222,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-018-0427-x","article-title":"The relationship between the leptin\/ghrelin ratio and meals with various macronutrient contents in men with different nutritional status: a randomized crossover study","volume":"17","author":"Adamska-Patruno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12040333","article-title":"Lipidomics in understanding pathophysiology and pharmacologic effects in inflammatory diseases: considerations for drug development","volume":"12","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2390705","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2024.2390705","article-title":"Epithelial barrier dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis: exploring the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Akko\u00e7","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010036","article-title":"Leptin, ghrelin, and leptin\/ghrelin ratio in critically ill patients","volume":"12","author":"Arabi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4208","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.67.8.4208-4215.1999","article-title":"Citrobacter freundii invades and replicates in human brain microvascular endothelial cells","volume":"67","author":"Badger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.22088\/cjim.9.4.368","article-title":"Triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio and risk for gestational diabetes and birth of a large-for-gestational-age newborn","volume":"9","author":"Barat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Caspian J Intern Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13802","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13802","article-title":"Nutrition during pregnancy: influence on the gut microbiome and fetal development","volume":"91","author":"Barrientos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051424","article-title":"Lipids and lipoproteins in atherosclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Bezsonov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2067-7","article-title":"Investigation of Th1\/Th2 cytokine profiles in patients with laryngopharyngeal, HPV-positive cancers","volume":"270","author":"Bleotu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00049","article-title":"The vagus nerve at the interface of the microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"12","author":"Bonaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5781","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271539","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve: potential therapeutic implications of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"594","author":"Bonaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263ra158","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009759","article-title":"The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice","volume":"6","author":"Braniste","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-020-00257-2","article-title":"The gut microbiome\u2013derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide modulates neuroinflammation and cognitive function with aging","volume":"43","author":"Brunt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfg146","article-title":"Immune changes during acute cold\/restraint stress-induced inhibition of host resistance to listeria","volume":"74","author":"Cao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101802","article-title":"The gut-brain vascular axis in neuroinflammation","volume":"69","author":"Carloni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10713","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1711235114","article-title":"Gut bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients modulate human T cells and exacerbate symptoms in mouse models","volume":"114","author":"Cekanaviciute","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.379014","article-title":"Gut microbial regulation of innate and adaptive immunity after traumatic brain injury","volume":"19","author":"Celorrio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV9I2A43","article-title":"Percutaneous pulmonary artery denervation completely abolishes experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension in vivo","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfx174","article-title":"The effects of an environmentally relevant level of arsenic on the gut microbiome and its functional metabolites","volume":"160","author":"Chi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16003","DOI":"10.1038\/npjbiofilms.2016.3","article-title":"The gut microbiota: a major player in the toxicity of environmental pollutants?","volume":"2","author":"Claus","year":"2016","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90208-3","article-title":"A TH1--&gt;TH2 switch is a critical step in the etiology of HIV infection","volume":"14","author":"Clerici","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018","article-title":"The microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"99","author":"Cryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297","article-title":"From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain","volume":"9","author":"Dantzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B24","first-page":"2253","article-title":"Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with major depressive disorder undergoing no pharmacological therapy","volume":"11","author":"Demir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-022-01672-1","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and relevance to inflammation","volume":"72","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000519","article-title":"Brain-gut-microbiota axis and mental health","volume":"79","author":"Dinan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-023-03374-w","article-title":"Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Di Vincenzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380713","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1380713","article-title":"Intestinal barrier permeability: the influence of gut microbiota, nutrition, and exercise","volume":"15","author":"Dmytriv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.12.012","article-title":"Chronic stress-induced gut dysfunction exacerbates Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype and pathology in a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"135","author":"Dodiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.389365","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation in cerebral stroke: biological mechanisms, therapeutic modalities, clinical applications, and future directions","volume":"19","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20180448","article-title":"The gut microbiome: relationships with disease and opportunities for therapy","volume":"216","author":"Durack","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11955","article-title":"Dominant immune cells in pregnancy and pregnancy complications: T helper cells (TH1\/TH2, TH17\/treg cells), NK cells, MDSCs, and the immune checkpoints","volume":"47","author":"Esparvarinha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabo2984","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abo2984","article-title":"Gut microbiome composition may be an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-2335-5","article-title":"What is the normal value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio?","volume":"10","author":"Forget","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(88)90017-3","article-title":"Norepinephrine inhibits gamma-interferon-induced MHC class II (ia) antigen expression on cultured brain astrocytes","volume":"17","author":"Frohman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/21623945.2017.1402151","article-title":"Adiponectin-leptin ratio: a promising index to estimate adipose tissue dysfunction. Relation with obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk","volume":"7","author":"Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adipocyte"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.10.042","article-title":"Role of mitochondria in ferroptosis","volume":"73","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17200","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiome in disorders of gut-brain interaction","volume":"292","author":"Gawey","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106596","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1106596","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis and the CNS barriers","volume":"12","author":"Gil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ads6733","article-title":"Multiple protein structure alignment at scale with FoldMason","volume":"391","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2026","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2977-2","article-title":"Commensal-driven immune zonation of the liver promotes host defence","volume":"589","author":"Gola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jcs241828","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.241828","article-title":"The lymph node at a glance \u2013 how spatial organization optimizes the immune response","volume":"133","author":"Grant","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(07)70084-8","article-title":"Adipose tissue and adipokines: for better or worse","volume":"30","author":"Guerre-Millo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.24523","article-title":"The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in colorectal cancer: a systematic review","volume":"115","author":"Haram","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00632-19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00632-19","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease microbiome is associated with dysregulation of the anti-inflammatory P-glycoprotein pathway","volume":"10","author":"Haran","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672097","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.672097","article-title":"How does the social grouping of animals in nature protect against sickness? A perspective","volume":"15","author":"Hart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1215-1","article-title":"Multi-omics approaches to disease","volume":"18","author":"Hasin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197275","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1197275","article-title":"Identification of potential ferroptosis-associated biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12123033","article-title":"Biomarkers in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"12","author":"Hojda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08100-w","article-title":"Myocardial infarction augments sleep to limit cardiac inflammation and damage","volume":"635","author":"Huynh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1238-8","article-title":"The integrative human microbiome project","volume":"569","author":"Integrative HMP (iHMP) Research Network Consortium","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930425","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.930425","article-title":"Editorial: multi-omics, epigenomics, and computational analysis of neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"16","author":"Jaiswal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.11.045","article-title":"Effects of environmental pollutants on gut microbiota","volume":"222","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2024.111220","article-title":"The role of probiotics in restoring the Th1 to Th2 ratio in women experiencing recurrent implantation failure; a double-blind randomized clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"Kamrani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0055022","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00550-22","article-title":"Induction of susceptibility to disseminated infection with IgA1 protease-producing encapsulated pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"13","author":"Kilian","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.10.058","article-title":"Elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts mortality following elective endovascular aneurysm repair","volume":"72","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-024-00560-7","article-title":"Influence of sleep on physiological systems in atherosclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Kiss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590903020759","article-title":"Treating autoimmune disease by targeting CD8(+) T suppressor cells","volume":"9","author":"Konya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/sports13010009","article-title":"Brain oxygenation during exercise in different types of chronic lung disease: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Kritikou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sports (Basel)"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16040565","article-title":"Gut microbiota in anxiety and depression: unveiling the relationships and management options","volume":"16","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.06.052","article-title":"Th1-Th2 and M1-M2 interplay sculpt Aeromonas hydrophila pathogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"127","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3194","article-title":"Differential susceptibility to activation-induced apoptosis among peripheral Th1 subsets: correlation with bcl-2 expression and consequences for AIDS pathogenesis","volume":"160","author":"Ledru","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2024.2386259","article-title":"The characterization of the Th1\/Th2 ratio in multiple sclerosis patients and its response to a dietary supplement regimen","volume":"21","author":"Lewis","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Diet Suppl"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230659","article-title":"The characterization of the Th1\/Th2 ratio in moderate-severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients and its response to an aloe polymannose-based dietary supplement","volume":"96","author":"Lewis","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw582","article-title":"Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine N-oxide in acute coronary syndromes: a prognostic marker for incident cardiovascular events beyond traditional risk factors","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13020333","article-title":"CC chemokines in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: pathogenic role and therapeutic potential","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjt026","article-title":"Phenotypic and functional characteristic of a newly identified CD8+ Foxp3\u2212 CD103+ regulatory T cells","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105543","article-title":"Dysbacteriosis induces abnormal neurogenesis via LPS in a pathway requiring NF-\u03baB\/IL-6","volume":"167","author":"Long","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilv018","article-title":"Xenobiotics: interaction with the intestinal microbiota","volume":"56","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ilar J"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1600266","article-title":"The human intestinal microbiome in health and disease","volume":"375","author":"Lynch","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269650","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1269650","article-title":"Combining CD4 count, CD8 count and CD4\/CD8 ratio to predict risk of mortality among HIV-positive adults after therapy: a group-based multi-trajectory analysis","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadv2111","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adv2111","article-title":"Targeted protein evolution in the gut microbiome by diversity-generating retroelements","volume":"390","author":"Macadangdang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X21666230222092029","article-title":"The gut-brain axis and the microbiome in anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"22","author":"MacKay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.09.015","article-title":"The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization","volume":"25","author":"Mantovani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106206","article-title":"Ten years of research on synergisms and antagonisms in chemical mixtures: a systematic review and quantitative reappraisal of mixture studies","volume":"146","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0332-6","article-title":"Impaired dopamine metabolism in Parkinson\u2019s disease pathogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Masato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B77","first-page":"6","volume-title":"Metabolic, immune, and neuronal pathways in atherosclerosis","author":"McAlpine","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020668","article-title":"The dual role of the \u03b22-adrenoreceptor in the modulation of IL-17 and IFN-\u03b3 production by T cells in multiple sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Melnikov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14661","article-title":"Gut dysbacteriosis and intestinal disease: mechanism and treatment","volume":"129","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12071386","article-title":"The relationship between exposome and microbiome","volume":"12","author":"Merra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adr0544","article-title":"Integrating exposomics into biomedicine","volume":"388","author":"Miller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594150","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.594150","article-title":"Role of metabolic endotoxemia in systemic inflammation and potential interventions","volume":"11","author":"Mohammad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04673-6","article-title":"Neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces control atherosclerosis","volume":"605","author":"Mohanta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859885","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.859885","article-title":"Obesity and maternal-placental-fetal immunology and health","volume":"10","author":"Monaco-Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13343","article-title":"Modulation of multiple sclerosis risk and pathogenesis by the gut microbiota: complex interactions between host genetics, bacterial metabolism, and diet","volume":"325","author":"Montgomery","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796288","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.796288","article-title":"Gut microbiota interact with the brain through systemic chronic inflammation: implications on neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and aging","volume":"13","author":"Mou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.4.450","article-title":"Specific proteolysis of human IgA by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae","volume":"141","author":"Mulks","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/14.2.201","article-title":"The polarization of T(h)1\/T(h)2 balance is dependent on the intracellular thiol redox status of macrophages due to the distinctive cytokine production","volume":"14","author":"Murata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1767818","article-title":"The brain-gut-microbiota axis in the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders","volume":"81","author":"Naufel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310094","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1310094","article-title":"The role of midkine in health and disease","volume":"14","author":"Neumaier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00390-X","article-title":"The intestinal barrier: a pivotal role in health, inflammation, and cancer","volume":"10","author":"Neurath","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26366-w","article-title":"The human microbial exposome: expanding the Exposome-Explorer database with gut microbial metabolites","volume":"13","author":"Neveu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1223813","article-title":"Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions","volume":"336","author":"Nicholson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2003.00138.x","article-title":"High Th1\/Th2 ratio in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"71","author":"Ogawara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12066","article-title":"CD4(+) T-cell depletion in HIV infection: mechanisms of immunological failure","volume":"254","author":"Okoye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184314","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI184314","article-title":"The microbiome as a modulator of neurological health across the maternal-offspring interface","volume":"135","author":"Orchanian","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3071","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3071","article-title":"Glutathione levels in antigen-presenting cells modulate Th1 versus Th2 response patterns","volume":"95","author":"Peterson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.42257","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: a comprehensive analysis of fungi and bacteria in brain tissue","volume":"16","author":"Pisa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315895","article-title":"Hematopoiesis and cardiovascular disease","volume":"126","author":"Poller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B100","first-page":"165","article-title":"Impact of obesity and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on fibrogenesis and responsiveness to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"45","author":"Popa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rom J Intern Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679897","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.679897","article-title":"Kaempferol alleviates murine experimental colitis by restoring gut microbiota and inhibiting the LPS-TLR4-NF-\u03baB axis","volume":"12","author":"Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13675","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213675","article-title":"Microbiota dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are modulated by a specific metabolic cofactors\u2019 combination","volume":"23","author":"Quesada-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15036","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension: heracles meets the hydra","volume":"178","author":"Rajagopal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9366","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179366","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the triangular relationship among diet-gut microbiota-inflammation","volume":"25","author":"Randeni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.50","article-title":"From gut dysbiosis to altered brain function and mental illness: mechanisms and pathways","volume":"21","author":"Rogers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad136","article-title":"CD4\/CD8 ratio during human immunodeficiency virus treatment: time for routine monitoring?","volume":"76","author":"Ron","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.42","article-title":"Gut microbiota, metabolites, and host immunity","volume":"16","author":"Rooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.02.035","article-title":"Machine learning and artificial intelligence in the multi-omics approach to gut microbiota","volume":"169","author":"Rozera","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604179","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.604179","article-title":"The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology","volume":"11","author":"Rutsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S153290","article-title":"Prognostic utility of baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Sacdalan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-6-3","article-title":"Flipping the switches: CD40 and CD45 modulation of microglial activation states in HIV associated dementia (HAD)","volume":"6","author":"Salemi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200610-1559OC","article-title":"Role of endothelium-derived CC chemokine ligand 2 in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"176","author":"Sanchez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17124","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242317124","article-title":"Role of mitochondria in inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Quintero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9111657","article-title":"New insights on the relationship between leptin, ghrelin, and leptin\/ghrelin ratio enforced by body mass index in obesity and diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Sitar-T\u01ceut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/em.21985","article-title":"Using exposomics to assess cumulative risks and promote health","volume":"56","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2016.13.1.121","article-title":"Increased neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio in patients with depression is correlated with the severity of depression and cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"13","author":"Sunbul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-0043","article-title":"Midkine promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation through its pro-inflammatory, angiogenic and anti-apoptotic functions in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice","volume":"82","author":"Takemoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.14013","article-title":"Interactive effects of multiple stressors vary with consumer interactions, stressor dynamics and magnitude","volume":"25","author":"Turschwell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.12.016","article-title":"Metagenome-informed metaproteomics of the human gut microbiome, host, and dietary exposome uncovers signatures of health and inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"188","author":"Vald\u00e9s-Mas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s44321-025-00191-w","article-title":"Exposomics: a review of methodologies, applications, and future directions in molecular medicine","volume":"17","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516242","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1516242","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation: a physical therapy with promising potential for central nervous system disorders","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10050584","article-title":"Zinc, magnesium, selenium and depression: a review of the evidence, potential mechanisms and implications","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00614","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms that influence the macrophage m1-m2 polarization balance","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2019.11.009","article-title":"Integration of lipidomics and metabolomics for in-depth understanding of cellular mechanism and disease progression","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Genet Genomics"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2025.07.012","article-title":"Mitochondria reactive oxygen species signaling in immune responses","volume":"58","author":"Weinberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02439-y","article-title":"The mitochondria-targeted kaempferol nanoparticle ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"22","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2020.103493","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) alone or in combination regulate select immune functions of microglia-like cells","volume":"105","author":"Wenzel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0456","article-title":"Complementing the genome with an \u201cexposome\u201d: the outstanding challenge of environmental exposure measurement in molecular epidemiology","volume":"14","author":"Wild","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812303","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.812303https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.12.016","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115121","article-title":"Kaempferol improves mitochondrial homeostasis via mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"162","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12306","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12306","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori-derived outer membrane vesicles contribute to Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis via C3-C3aR signalling","volume":"12","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.02.011","article-title":"Optimized integration of metabolomics and lipidomics reveals brain region-specific changes of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in type 1 diabetic mice with cognitive decline","volume":"43","author":"Xiong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040211","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1040211","article-title":"Gut microbiome and fecal metabolic alteration in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with depression","volume":"12","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.122650","article-title":"Ferroptosis: an important mechanism of disease mediated by the gut-liver-brain axis","volume":"347","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G320","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00121.2017","article-title":"Abdominal surgery induced gastric ileus and activation of M1-like macrophages in the gastric myenteric plexus: prevention by central vagal activation in rats","volume":"313","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B136","first-page":"474","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, past, present and future perspectives","volume":"122","author":"Zahorec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2022.09.013","article-title":"Pulmonary artery denervation for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a sham-controlled randomized PADN-CFDA trial","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101738","article-title":"Integrating multi-omics to unravel host-microbiome interactions in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70012","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70012","article-title":"Gut microbiota in health and disease: advances and future prospects","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2021.07.024","article-title":"Midkine: a multifaceted driver of atherosclerosis","volume":"521","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-07176-w","article-title":"Do immune system and microbiome-gut-brain axis interactions associate with major depressive disorder?","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56237-7","article-title":"A multi-omics spatial framework for host-microbiome dissection within the intestinal tissue microenvironment","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadm8857","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adm8857","article-title":"A neuroimmune circuit mediates cancer cachexia-associated apathy","volume":"388","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026100207212631500_kfag034-B144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-012-0380-0","article-title":"Stress-induced effects, which inhibit host defenses, alter leukocyte trafficking","volume":"18","author":"Zieziulewicz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"}],"container-title":["Toxicological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfag034\/67421528\/kfag034.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article-pdf\/209\/4\/kfag034\/71438386\/kfag034.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article-pdf\/209\/4\/kfag034\/71438386\/kfag034.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T11:21:40Z","timestamp":1790940100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfag034\/8529478"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"references-count":144,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfag034","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-0929"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-0929","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"article-number":"kfag034"}}