{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:17:29Z","timestamp":1791101849087,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfl124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,3]],"date-time":"2006-10-03T22:25:30Z","timestamp":1159914330000},"page":"227-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Disruption of Testosterone Homeostasis as a Mode of Action for the Reproductive Toxicity of Triazole Fungicides in the Male Rat"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Amber K.","family":"Goetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith E.","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad R.","family":"Blystone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inthirany","family":"Thillainadarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah S.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harriette P.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian F.","family":"Strader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Narotsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Rockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Dix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250600821292","article-title":"Metabolism of myclobutanil and triadimefon by human and rat cytochrome P450 enzymes and liver microsomes","volume":"36","year":"2006","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Serum hormone characterization and exogenous hormone rescue of bromodichloromethane-induced pregnancy loss in the F344 rat","volume":"77","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-02-00417.1983","article-title":"Hormonal control of a developing neuromuscular system I. Complete demasculinization of the male rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus using the anti-androgen flutamide","volume":"3","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(19990215)38:3<301::AID-NEU1>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Aromatase inhibition reduces dendritic growth in a sexually dimorphic rat spinal nucleus","volume":"38","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfh249","article-title":"The effects of feed restriction during in utero and postnatal development in rats","volume":"82","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(78)90023-5","article-title":"Prenatal endogenous androgenic influences on masculine sexual behavior and genital morphology in male and female rats","volume":"10","year":"1978","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.29.167","article-title":"Function of sexual glands and mechanism of sex differentiation","volume":"29","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00367","article-title":"The neuroendocrine timing of puberty","volume":"129","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(81)90112-X","article-title":"The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) system in normal and estrogenized neonatal rats","volume":"7","year":"1981","journal-title":"Brain. Res. Bull."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(99)00036-2","article-title":"Interpreting the toxicologic significance of alterations in anogenital distance: potential for confounding effects of progeny body weights","volume":"13","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.501","article-title":"Antifungal agents: mode of action, mechanisms of resistance, and correlation of these mechanisms with bacterial resistance","volume":"12","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.02.016","article-title":"Gene expression profiling in the liver of CD-1 mice to characterize the hepatotoxicity of triazole fungicides","volume":"215","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.42.111901.111051","article-title":"Regulation of CYP3A gene transcription by the pregnane x receptor","volume":"42","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.1998.7134","article-title":"The effects of estradiol on gonadotropins-releasing hormone neurons in the developing mouse brain","volume":"112","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib15","first-page":"426","article-title":"Description and implication for analysis of brain growth in suckling mice","volume":"49","year":"1985","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib17"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-111-1-24","article-title":"Discriminative effects of testosterone on hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone levels and luteinizing hormone secretion in castrated male rats: Analyses of dose and duration characteristics","volume":"111","year":"1982","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod17.2.298","article-title":"Preputial separation as an external sign of pubertal development in the male rat","volume":"17","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-200401000-00001","article-title":"Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendation for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants","volume":"14","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib21","article-title":"Comparative liver effects of cyproconazole and phenobarbital in three strains of mice","volume":"90","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicologist."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1210207","article-title":"Significance of incorporating measures of sperm production and function into rat toxicology studies","volume":"121","year":"2001","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib23","first-page":"50","article-title":"Evaluation of the toxicological relevance of CYP3A4 induction","volume":"6","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Dev."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.01.079","article-title":"Expression of behavioral sensitization to the cocaine-like fungicide triadimefon is blocked by pretreatment with AMPA, NMDA, and DA D1 receptor antagonists","volume":"1008","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2006.05.008","article-title":"Effects of conazole fungicides on reproductive development in the female rat","volume":"22","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90594-0","article-title":"Induction, suppression and inhibition of multiple hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes in the male rat and bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) by ergosterol biosynthesis inhibiting fungicides (EBIFs)","volume":"48","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440591007133","article-title":"Overview: Using mode of action and life stage information to evaluate the human relevance of animal toxicity data","volume":"35","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440091159194","article-title":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Prepubertal exposures and effects on sexual maturation and thyroid function in the male rat. A focus on the EDSTAC recommendations","volume":"30","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2004.10.006","article-title":"Propiconazole-induced cytochrome P450 gene expression and enzymatic activities in rat and mouse liver","volume":"155","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2005.11.015","article-title":"Fluconazole induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 gene expression and enzymatic activities in rats and mice","volume":"164","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfg121","article-title":"Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate during pregnancy in rat and mouse. I: Maternal and prenatal evaluations","volume":"74","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.02.015","article-title":"Gene expression profiling in liver and testis of rat to characterize the toxicity of triazole fungicides","volume":"215","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(86)90077-6","article-title":"Evaluation of liver weight changes following repeated administration of carbon tetrachloride in rats and body-liver weight relationship","volume":"40","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib34","first-page":"13080","article-title":"Propiconazole; Establishment of time-limited pesticide tolerances","volume":"64","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fed. Regist."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib35","first-page":"49499","article-title":"Myclobutanil; Pesticide tolerances for emergency exemptions.","volume":"70","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fed. Regist."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib36","first-page":"43284","article-title":"Propiconazole; Pesticide tolerances for emergency exemptions","volume":"70","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fed. Regist."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib37","article-title":"Triadimefon. Preliminary human health risk assessment revised. Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)","year":"2006"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2333(00)00018-7","article-title":"Screening of selected pesticides for inhibition of CYP19 aromatase activity in vitro.","volume":"14","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170314081202_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5785","article-title":"Azole fungicides affect mammalian steroidogenesis by inhibiting sterol 14 alpha-demethylase and aromatase","volume":"111","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."}],"container-title":["Toxicological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article-pdf\/95\/1\/227\/10982157\/kfl124.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T08:40:17Z","timestamp":1555836017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/toxsci\/article\/1689565\/Disruption"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfl124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-6080","1096-0929"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-6080","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-0929","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,3]]}}}